ArticleScientific reports2016
Ionizing radiation modulates human macrophages towards a pro-inflammatory phenotype preserving their pro-invasive and pro-angiogenic capacities.
Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 115 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
115 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Modulation of tumor-associated macrophage activity with radiation therapy: a systematic review.Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Rontgengesellschaft ... [et al] · 2023Pooled it
- Article
- From bench to bedside: advancing our understanding of radioresistance in rectal cancer.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2026Review
- Targeting Post-Irradiation Thyroid Dysfunction: Electrospun Scaffolds As A Dual-Action Approach for Antioxidant and Immune Modulation.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Radiotherapy and cytokines: A systems view of immunotherapy and toxicity (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Precision engineering of macrophage reprogramming with RNA interference-loaded lipid nanoparticles: a game-changer in cancer immunotherapy.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Review
- The Double-Edged Sword: How Radiotherapy Shapes the Tumor Immune Microenvironment to Modulate Responses to Checkpoint Inhibitors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Modulation of Chemokine Activity for Enhanced Angiogenesis and Tissue Regeneration in Chronic Wounds.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Spatiotemporal dynamics of radioresistance: decoding macrophage-driven radioprotective niches through temporal-spatial reprogramming.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- High-dose irradiation promotes macrophage-mediated engulfment of triple-negative breast cancer through M1 polarization via the IKZF1-CCL5 axis.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- Macrophages in post-chemoradiotherapy hematopoietic injury: a double-edged sword.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- Harnessing the Therapeutic Potential of Extracellular Vesicles for Oral Wound Healing.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- Therapeutic efficacy of external beam radiotherapy combined with anti-PD-L1 inhibition in a preclinical syngeneic head and neck cancer model.Clinical and translational radiation oncology · 2026Article
- The RNA-binding protein YTHDF3 affects gastric cancer cell migration and response to paclitaxel by regulating EZRIN.Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association · 2025Article
- The untapped potential of radiation and immunotherapy for hormone receptor-positive breast cancer.NPJ breast cancer · 2025Review
- Radiation Promotes Acute and Chronic Damage to Adipose Tissue.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The Proimmunomodulatory and Anti-immunomodulatory Effects of Radiotherapy in Oncologic Care.Hematology/oncology clinics of North America · 2025Review
- Article
- Radiation-induced eCIRP causes macrophage phagocytic dysfunction via mitochondrial impairment and ferroptosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
55 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In order to improve the efficacy of conventional radiotherapy, attention has been paid to immune cells, which not only modulate cancer cell response to therapy but are also highly recruited to tumours after irradiation. Particularly, the effect of ionizing radiation on macrophages, using therapeutically relevant doses, is not well understood. To evaluate how radiotherapy affects macrophage behaviour and macrophage-mediated cancer cell activity, human monocyte derived-macrophages were subjected, for a week, to cumulative ionizing radiation doses, as used during cancer treatment (2 Gy/fraction/day). Irradiated macrophages remained viable and metabolically active, despite DNA damage. NF-kappaB transcription activation and increased Bcl-xL expression evidenced the promotion of pro-survival activity. A significant increase of pro-inflammatory macrophage markers CD80, CD86 and HLA-DR, but not CCR7, TNF and IL1B was observed after 10 Gy cumulative doses, while anti-inflammatory markers CD163, MRC1, VCAN and IL-10 expression decreased, suggesting the modulation towards a more pro-inflammatory phenotype. Moreover, ionizing radiation induced macrophage morphological alterations and increased their phagocytic rate, without affecting matrix metalloproteases (MMP)2 and MMP9 activity. Importantly, irradiated macrophages promoted cancer cell-invasion and cancer cell-induced angiogenesis. Our work highlights macrophage ability to sustain cancer cell activities as a major concern that needs to be addressed to improve radiotherapy efficacy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.