ArticleEarly human development2016
Systemic inflammation on postnatal days 21 and 28 and indicators of brain dysfunction 2years later among children born before the 28th week of gestation.
Article in Early human development, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Association Between Newborn Thyroid-Stimulating-Hormone Concentration and Neurodevelopment and Growth: a Systematic Review.Biological trace element research · 2022Pooled it
- Intermittent hypoxia and caffeine in infants born preterm: the ICAF Randomized Clinical Trial.Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Protein epigenetic scores derived in neonatal saliva as biomarkers of childhood cognition.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- The role of persistent inflammation in failed recovery after perinatal brain injury: is resolution the cure?Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Priming innate immunity and long-term outcome.Molecular and cellular pediatrics · 2026Review
- A systematic scoring system to optimise the testing of neurotherapeutics in models of perinatal brain injury, with an applied case study of human umbilical-cord MSC.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Association Between Optic Nerve Morphology by Handheld Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography and Intracranial Pathology in Preterm Infants.Translational vision science & technology · 2025Observational
- Serum cytokine profiles at near term-equivalent age and their association with neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants: an exploratory study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Perinatal inflammation, fetal growth restriction, and long-term neurodevelopmental impairment in Bangladesh.Pediatric research · 2024Article
- Caffeine: The Story beyond Oxygen-Induced Lung and Brain Injury in Neonatal Animal Models-A Narrative Review.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- The longitudinal growth trajectory of children with congenital hypothyroidism during the first 3 years of life.European journal of pediatrics · 2024Article
- Correlating maternal and cord-blood inflammatory markers and BDNF with human fetal brain activity recorded by magnetoencephalography: An exploratory study.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Article
- Maternal COVID-19 infection and the fetus: Immunological and neurological perspectives.New microbes and new infections · 2023Review
- Associations between the human immune system and gut microbiome with neurodevelopment in the first 5 years of life: A systematic scoping review.Developmental psychobiology · 2023Article
- CpG methylation patterns in placenta and neonatal blood are differentially associated with neonatal inflammation.Pediatric research · 2023Article
- Associations between systemic health and retinal nerve fibre layer thickness in preterm infants at 36 weeks postmenstrual age.The British journal of ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Retinopathy of prematurity and neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Review
- Placental mediated mechanisms of perinatal brain injury.Experimental neurology · 2022Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSystemic inflammation during the first two postnatal weeks in extremely preterm newborns (<28weeks gestation) has been associated with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental dysfunctions. Little is known, however, about the relationship between systemic inflammation during the third and fourth postnatal weeks and subsequent development.
methodsWe measured the concentrations of 16 inflammation-related proteins in blood spots collected on postnatal days 21 (N=749) and 28 (N=697) from infants born before the 28th week of gestation and assessed at age 2years. We then sought the developmental correlates of top quartile concentrations for gestational age and day the specimen was collected. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated from regular or multinomial logistic regression models (as appropriate).
resultsTop quartile concentrations of CRP, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-6R, TNF-R2, IL-8, ICAM-1, and TSH on both days 21 and 28 were associated with ventriculomegaly (when in the NICU) and microcephaly at age 2years. Top quartile concentrations of CRP, SAA, IL-6, TNF-R2, IL-8, and ICAM-1 were associated with mental development index (MDI) of the Bayley-II<55, while top quartile concentrations of CRP, TNF-α (inversely), IL-8, and ICAM-1 were associated with psychomotor development index (PDI)<55
conclusionExtremely preterm newborns who had systemic inflammation during the third and fourth postnatal weeks were at increased risk of ventriculomegaly during the months after birth, and of microcephaly, and low Bayley Scale scores at 2years old.
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