Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26733213›Full record

ArticleJournal of endocrinological investigation2016

How to define hypogonadism? Results from a population of men consulting for sexual dysfunction.

G Rastrelli, G Corona, M Tarocchi, E Mannucci, M Maggi

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of endocrinological investigation, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
8.4field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 103 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Testosterone replacement in men with sexual dysfunction.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024
    Pooled it
  2. Guideline
  3. Guideline
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
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  11. Article
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  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. The role of testosterone in male sexual function.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2022
    Review
  16. [Testosterone treatment].Urologie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2022
    Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Sexual function in men undergoing androgen deprivation therapy.International journal of impotence research · 2021
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

G RastrelliSexual Medicine and Andrology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139, Florence, Italy.
G CoronaSexual Medicine and Andrology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139, Florence, Italy.
M TarocchiGastroenterology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139, Florence, Italy.
E MannucciDiabetes Section Geriatric Unit, Department of Critical Care, University of Florence, Via delle Oblate 1, 50139, Florence, Italy.
M MaggiSexual Medicine and Andrology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139, Florence, Italy. m.maggi@dfc.unifi.it.
University of Florence · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe thresholds for testost erone (T) and the symptoms required for defining late onset hypogonadism (LOH) are under debate. The aims of the study are: (1) to verify the association between total and calculated free T (cfT) and sexual symptoms and (2) to identify thresholds for total and calculated free T to discriminate symptomatic from asymptomatic men.

methodsA consecutive series of 4890 men attending the outpatient clinic for sexual dysfunction was retrospectively studied. Biochemical parameters were collected. The relationships between symptoms and total or calculated free T were evaluated as LOESS curves.

resultsSevere impairment in morning erections, low libido and ED were reported by 14.6, 2.7 and 60.2 %, respectively. Simultaneous presence of severe ED and impaired morning erections or low desire was reported by 12.7 and 1.9 %, respectively. Severely reduced desire and morning erections were complained of by 1.0 %. The simultaneous presence of the three severe sexual symptoms was reported by 0.8 %. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the highest accuracy for total T and cfT in detecting subjects with two symptoms was observed for reduced morning erections and desire (area under the ROC curve [AUC] = 0.670 ± 0.04 and 0.747 ± 0.04, for total T and cfT, respectively, both p < 0.0001). The addition of the third symptom, ED, further improved the accuracy (AUC = 0.681 ± 0.05 and 0.784 ± 0.04, for total T and cfT, respectively, both p < 0.0001). The assessment of the Youden index showed that the best thresholds for detecting men with androgen deficiency-related symptoms are 10.4 nmol/L for total T and ranges 225-260 pmol/L for cfT.

conclusionsThe simultaneous presence of reduced morning erections and desire is the cluster of symptoms that, along with total T < 10.4 nmol/L or cfT <225 pmol/L, defines LOH in a specific, evidence-based manner.

Indexed as

Erectile DysfunctionFollow-Up StudiesHumansHypogonadismItalyMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisRetrospective StudiesROC CurveTestosteroneTestosteroneDefinitionErectile dysfunctionHypogonadismImpaired morning erectionsLow libidoSexual symptoms

Identifiers

PMID26733213
OpenAlexW2229586988

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.