Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26732106›Full record

ArticleAsian journal of andrology

Proteomic signatures of infertile men with clinical varicocele and their validation studies reveal mitochondrial dysfunction leading to infertility.

Ashok Agarwal, Rakesh Sharma, Luna Samanta, Damayanthi Durairajanayagam, Edmund Sabanegh

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Asian journal of andrology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed
9.3field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed, 84 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Chaperonin in health and disease.Molecular biomedicine · 2026
    Review
  2. Age-Associated Proteomic Changes in Human Spermatozoa.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Oxidative Stress and Varicocele-Associated Male Infertility.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2022
    Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.

Ashok AgarwalAmerican Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Rakesh Sharma
Luna Samanta
Damayanthi Durairajanayagam
Edmund Sabanegh
Cleveland Clinic · USRavenshaw University · IN

Funding

LTQ-Orbitrap Velos instrumentS10RR031537 · NCRR · CLEVELAND CLINIC LERNER COM-CWRU · PI WILLARD, BELINDA BELLE · 2011 to 2011
$600k
NCRR NIH HHS 1S10RR031537‑01NCRR NIH HHS S10 RR031537
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To study the major differences in the distribution of spermatozoa proteins in infertile men with varicocele by comparative proteomics and validation of their level of expression. The study-specific estimates for each varicocele outcome were combined to identify the proteins involved in varicocele-associated infertility in men irrespective of stage and laterality of their clinical varicocele. Expression levels of 5 key proteins (PKAR1A, AK7, CCT6B, HSPA2, and ODF2) involved in stress response and sperm function including molecular chaperones were validated by Western blotting. Ninety-nine proteins were differentially expressed in the varicocele group. Over 87% of the DEP involved in major energy metabolism and key sperm functions were underexpressed in the varicocele group. Key protein functions affected in the varicocele group were spermatogenesis, sperm motility, and mitochondrial dysfunction, which were further validated by Western blotting, corroborating the proteomics analysis. Varicocele is essentially a state of energy deprivation, hypoxia, and hyperthermia due to impaired blood supply, which is corroborated by down-regulation of lipid metabolism, mitochondrial electron transport chain, and Krebs cycle enzymes. To corroborate the proteomic analysis, expression of the 5 identified proteins of interest was validated by Western blotting. This study contributes toward establishing a biomarker "fingerprint" to assess sperm quality on the basis of molecular parameters.

Indexed as

ProteomicsBiomarkersBlotting, WesternCase-Control StudiesDNA FragmentationGene Expression ProfilingHumansInfertility, MaleMaleMitochondrial DiseasesReactive Oxygen SpeciesSpermatogenesisSpermatozoaSperm MotilityVaricoceleBiomarkersReactive Oxygen Species

Identifiers

PMID26732106
PMCPMC4770500
OpenAlexW2223764567

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.