ArticlePloS one2016
National Lupus Hospitalization Trends Reveal Rising Rates of Herpes Zoster and Declines in Pneumocystis Pneumonia.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence, incidence, and risk factors for herpes zoster in systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- The risk of infections in adult patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: systematic review and meta-analysis.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2021Pooled it
- Rates of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia and prophylaxis prescribing patterns in a large electronic health record cohort of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism · 2022Article
- Avoidable Acute Care Use for Vaccine-Preventable Illnesses Among Medicaid Beneficiaries With Lupus.Arthritis care & research · 2021Article
- Estimation of treatment and prognostic factors of pneumocystis pneumonia in patients with connective tissue diseases.RMD open · 2021Article
- Reasons for Hospitalization and In-Hospital Mortality in Adult Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.ACR open rheumatology · 2020Article
- The Epidemiology and Outcomes of Mental Disorders in Critically Ill Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Population-Based Study.Journal of clinical medicine research · 2020Article
- From Severe Herpes Zoster to Rare Suid Herpesvirus Encephalitis: A New Twist of theInternational journal of medical sciences · 2020Review
- Epidemiology and outcomes of sepsis among hospitalizations with systemic lupus erythematosus admitted to the ICU: a population-based cohort study.Journal of intensive care · 2020Article
- Paralytic ileus in the United States: A cross-sectional study from the national inpatient sample.SAGE open medicine · 2020Article
- Article
- All-cause hospitalizations in systemic lupus erythematosus from a single medical center in Israel.Rheumatology international · 2018Article
- Clinical correlates and outcomes in a group of Puerto Ricans with systemic lupus erythematosus hospitalized due to severe infections.SAGE open medicine · 2018Article
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Primary Care: An Update and Practical Messages for the General Practitioner.Frontiers in medicine · 2018Review
- Infection in systemic lupus erythematosus, similarities, and differences with lupus flare.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2017Review
- Developing Electronic Health Record Algorithms That Accurately Identify Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Arthritis care & research · 2017Article
- [Systemic lupus erythematosus : Unusual cutaneous manifestations].Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete · 2016Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveInfection is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Therapeutic practices have evolved over the past 15 years, but effects on infectious complications of SLE are unknown. We evaluated trends in hospitalizations for severe and opportunistic infections in a population-based SLE study.
methodsData derive from the 2000 to 2011 United States National Inpatient Sample, including individuals who met a validated administrative definition of SLE. Primary outcomes were diagnoses of bacteremia, pneumonia, opportunistic fungal infection, herpes zoster, cytomegalovirus, or pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP). We used Poisson regression to determine whether infection rates were changing in SLE hospitalizations and used predictive marginals to generate annual adjusted rates of specific infections.
resultsWe identified 361,337 SLE hospitalizations from 2000 to 2011 meeting study inclusion criteria. Compared to non-SLE hospitalizations, SLE patients were younger (51 vs. 62 years), predominantly female (89% vs. 54%), and more likely to be racial/ethnic minorities. SLE diagnosis was significantly associated with all measured severe and opportunistic infections. From 2000 to 2011, adjusted SLE hospitalization rates for herpes zoster increased more than non-SLE rates: 54 to 79 per 10,000 SLE hospitalizations compared with 24 to 29 per 10,000 non-SLE hospitalizations. Conversely, SLE hospitalizations for PCP disproportionately decreased: 5.1 to 2.5 per 10,000 SLE hospitalizations compared with 0.9 to 1.3 per 10,000 non-SLE hospitalizations.
conclusionsAmong patients with SLE, herpes zoster hospitalizations are rising while PCP hospitalizations are declining. These trends likely reflect evolving SLE treatment strategies. Further research is needed to identify patients at greatest risk for infectious complications.
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