ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2016
Cortical cell and neuron density estimates in one chimpanzee hemisphere.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 96 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Diffusion-MRI-Based Estimation of Cortical Architecture via Machine Learning (DECAM) in Primate Brains.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Progenitor diversity during formation of the mammalian neocortex.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- Mapping human brain cell type origin and diseases through single-cell transcriptomics.Translational psychiatry · 2025Review
- Simulation of evoked responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation using a multiscale cortical circuit model.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Visualizing cortical laminar architecture in the living human brain using next-generation ultra-high-gradient diffusion MRI.Research square · 2025Article
- For All the Primate FANS: Optimized Isolation of Nuclei from Frozen Postmortem Primate Brain for Fluorescence-Assisted Nuclei Sorting (FANS).The Yale journal of biology and medicine · 2025Article
- Multifunctional bioelectronics for brain-body circuits.Nature reviews bioengineering · 2025Article
- The Complexly Parcellated, Yet Quantitatively Reduced, Orexinergic/Hypocretinergic System of Humans.The Journal of comparative neurology · 2025Article
- Human-specific genetic hallmarks in neocortical development: focus on neural progenitors.Current opinion in genetics & development · 2024Review
- Predicting proprioceptive cortical anatomy and neural coding with topographic autoencoders.PLoS computational biology · 2024Article
- Adult neurogenesis and "immature" neurons in mammals: an evolutionary trade-off in plasticity?Brain structure & function · 2024Review
- Why birds are smart.Trends in cognitive sciences · 2024Review
- Article
- Neuronal composition of processing modules in human V1: laminar density for neuronal and non-neuronal populations and a comparison with macaque.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2024Article
- Strain in the Midbrain: Impact of Traumatic Brain Injury on the Central Serotonin System.Brain sciences · 2024Review
- The uniqueness of the human brain: a review.Dementia & neuropsychologia · 2024Review
- Ubiquitous lognormal distribution of neuron densities in mammalian cerebral cortex.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2023Article
- Linking cortex and contraction-Integrating models along the corticomuscular pathway.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The density of cells and neurons in the neocortex of many mammals varies across cortical areas and regions. This variability is, perhaps, most pronounced in primates. Nonuniformity in the composition of cortex suggests regions of the cortex have different specializations. Specifically, regions with densely packed neurons contain smaller neurons that are activated by relatively few inputs, thereby preserving information, whereas regions that are less densely packed have larger neurons that have more integrative functions. Here we present the numbers of cells and neurons for 742 discrete locations across the neocortex in a chimpanzee. Using isotropic fractionation and flow fractionation methods for cell and neuron counts, we estimate that neocortex of one hemisphere contains 9.5 billion cells and 3.7 billion neurons. Primary visual cortex occupies 35 cm(2) of surface, 10% of the total, and contains 737 million densely packed neurons, 20% of the total neurons contained within the hemisphere. Other areas of high neuron packing include secondary visual areas, somatosensory cortex, and prefrontal granular cortex. Areas of low levels of neuron packing density include motor and premotor cortex. These values reflect those obtained from more limited samples of cortex in humans and other primates.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.