ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2016
Combination Effects of Antimicrobial Peptides.
Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 118 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
118 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Revolutionizing orthopedic healthcare: a systematic review unveiling recombinant antimicrobial peptides.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Pooled it
- Artificial intelligence catalyzes antimicrobial peptide design.Synthetic and systems biotechnology · 2027Review
- Animal-Derived Antimicrobial Peptides: Emerging Therapeutic Strategies against Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Cooperative membrane association as a mechanistic origin of synergistic antimicrobial peptide activity.RSC chemical biology · 2026Review
- Cooperative Oligomeric Peptide Combinations Enhance the Predicted Therapeutic Profile of SET-M33.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Engineering host‑defense peptides enhanced by artificial intelligence and nano delivery systems to overcome biofilms and antimicrobial resistance.Engineering microbiology · 2026Review
- Synergistic Action of Antimicrobial Peptides and Antibiotics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Leishmanicidal Action of the Peptides 19-4LF, 19-2.5 and 19-2.5LF Topically Administered on Cutaneous Lesions Caused byPharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial peptides isolated from probiotics as an alternative to antibiotics againstApplied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- Natural and Synthetic Peptides as Alternatives to Antibiotics in Intestinal Infections-A Review.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Antimicrobial Peptide-Loaded Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles: A pH-Triggered Controlled Release against Biofilms.ACS omega · 2025Article
- Kinship as a double-edged sword: relatedness among burying beetle larvae enhances growth but increases mortality.Biology letters · 2025Article
- A Comprehensive Overview of Antibacterial Agents for Combating Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria: The Current Landscape, Development, Future Opportunities, and Challenges.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Exploring the interplay of vitamin D, salivary antimicrobial peptides, and cytokines in oral immunity and disease prevention: an insight for implications in oral health policy.Frontiers in oral health · 2025Article
- Optimal Effective Concentration Combinations and synergy evaluations for binary antimicrobial combinationsFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Antimicrobial Peptides Derived from Bacteria: Classification, Sources, and Mechanism of Action against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Semi-purified Antimicrobial Proteins from Oyster Hemolymph Inhibit Pneumococcal Infection.Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- Antimicrobial peptide-based strategies to overcome antimicrobial resistance.Archives of microbiology · 2024Review
- In silico and physico-chemical characterization of cluster formation dynamics in peptide solutions.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2024Article
- The many dimensions of combination therapy: How to combine antibiotics to limit resistance evolution.Evolutionary applications · 2024Article
58 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are ancient and conserved across the tree of life. Their efficacy over evolutionary time has been largely attributed to their mechanisms of killing. Yet, the understanding of their pharmacodynamics both in vivo and in vitro is very limited. This is, however, crucial for applications of AMPs as drugs and also informs the understanding of the action of AMPs in natural immune systems. Here, we selected six different AMPs from different organisms to test their individual and combined effects in vitro. We analyzed their pharmacodynamics based on the Hill function and evaluated the interaction of combinations of two and three AMPs. Interactions of AMPs in our study were mostly synergistic, and three-AMP combinations displayed stronger synergism than two-AMP combinations. This suggests synergism to be a common phenomenon in AMP interaction. Additionally, AMPs displayed a sharp increase in killing within a narrow dose range, contrasting with those of antibiotics. We suggest that our results could lead a way toward better evaluation of AMP application in practice and shed some light on the evolutionary consequences of antimicrobial peptide interactions within the immune system of organisms.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.