SynthesisPsychological bulletin2016
Oral language deficits in familial dyslexia: A meta-analysis and review.
Synthesis in Psychological bulletin, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 148 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
148 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 471 citations in OpenAlex.
- The efficacy of rhythmic training for enhancing language and reading skills in children: a systematic review.BMC psychology · 2026Pooled it
- Hypothesis-driven genome-wide association studies provide novel insights into genetics of reading disabilities.Translational psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Dyslexia: A Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Meta-Analytic Findings on Reading in Children With Cochlear Implants.Journal of deaf studies and deaf education · 2021Pooled it
- Combining Old and New for Better Understanding and Predicting Dyslexia.New directions for child and adolescent development · 2019Pooled it
- Trial
- Dispelling Myths and Misunderstandings About Defining and Remediating Dyslexia.Dyslexia (Chichester, England) · 2026Review
- Electrophysiological Correlates of Familial Dyslexia in Two Siblings: A Case Report.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Oral Language Skills of Children and Adolescents with Neurofibromatosis Type 1: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Neuropsychology review · 2026Review
- Help! I Have to Assist My Child With Reading and Spelling: Mothers' Teaching Self-Efficacy and Mother-Child Conflict During Homework.Dyslexia (Chichester, England) · 2026Article
- Examining complex academic language in children with dyslexia: a comparative analysis with curriculum standards.Annals of dyslexia · 2026Article
- Dyslexia with and without developmental language disorder: Profile analysis.Annals of dyslexia · 2026Article
- Rate-disabled versus accuracy-disabled subtypes of dyslexia: A longitudinal study from preschool to grade 1.Annals of dyslexia · 2026Article
- Spoken language delay in toddlerhood predicts late childhood language outcomes in dyslexia: evidence from retrospective parent-report.Annals of dyslexia · 2026Article
- Stability in Reading Improvement After Home-Based Multi-Componential Training for Children with Developmental Dyslexia.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Whole-exome sequencing in children with dyslexia implicates rare variants in CLDN3 and ion channel genes.Human genetics · 2025Article
- An In-Depth Investigation of Eye Movement Profile of Dyslexic Readers Using a Standardized Text-Reading Aloud Task in French.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Impaired audio-visual associations in dyslexia: evidence beyond linguistic processing.NPJ science of learning · 2025Article
- Developmental Language Disorder and Risk of Dyslexia-Can They Be Told Apart?Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
88 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
This article reviews 95 publications (based on 21 independent samples) that have examined children at family risk of reading disorders. We report that children at family risk of dyslexia experience delayed language development as infants and toddlers. In the preschool period, they have significant difficulties in phonological processes as well as with broader language skills and in acquiring the foundations of decoding skill (letter knowledge, phonological awareness and rapid automatized naming [RAN]). Findings are mixed with regard to auditory and visual perception: they do not appear subject to slow motor development, but lack of control for comorbidities confounds interpretation. Longitudinal studies of outcomes show that children at family risk who go on to fulfil criteria for dyslexia have more severe impairments in preschool language than those who are defined as normal readers, but the latter group do less well than controls. Similarly at school age, family risk of dyslexia is associated with significantly poor phonological awareness and literacy skills. Although there is no strong evidence that children at family risk are brought up in an environment that differs significantly from that of controls, their parents tend to have lower educational levels and read less frequently to themselves. Together, the findings suggest that a phonological processing deficit can be conceptualized as an endophenotype of dyslexia that increases the continuous risk of reading difficulties; in turn its impact may be moderated by protective factors. (PsycINFO Database Record
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.