ArticleScientific reports2016
Elevated serum complement factors 3 and 4 are strong inflammatory markers of the metabolic syndrome development: a longitudinal cohort study.
Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prediction of Post-Infectious Inflammatory Response Syndrome in Patients with Cryptococcal Meningitis Based on Clinical and Radiomics Data.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
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- Role of serum complement C3 in blood-brain barrier injury and prognosis of anti-NMDAR encephalitis.BMC neurology · 2026Article
- Proteomic Profiles of Seminal Plasma in Individuals with Secondary Infertility: Insights into the Involvement of Oxidative Stress.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- The inner fire: the shifting paradigm of complement system in aging.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immune dysregulation linking pre-pregnancy obesity to gestational diabetes mellitus.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Serum complement C3 as a diagnostic biomarker for metabolic dysfunction -associated steatotic liver disease in middle-aged and elderly adults: a cross-sectional study.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Quantitative proteomics unveils potential plasma biomarkers and provides insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying equine metabolic syndrome.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Differential expression of complement Properdin and Factor H in the placentae and umbilical cords of mothers with Preeclampsia, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- The complement system in lipid-mediated pathologies.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Cardiac troponin T and autoimmunity in skeletal muscle aging.GeroScience · 2022Article
- Plasma C4 level was associated with mortality, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications in hemodialysis patients.BMC nephrology · 2022Article
- Time-dependent effect of desensitization with wasp venom on selected parameters of the immune system.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Predicted Fat Mass, Lean Body Mass, and Risk of Hypertension: Results from a Chinese Male Cohort Study.Obesity facts · 2022Article
- Immunologic and pathologic characterization of a novel swine biomedical research model for eosinophilic esophagitis.Frontiers in allergy · 2022Article
- Article
- Causal Relationship Between Complement C3, C4, and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Analysis.Phenomics (Cham, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Normal weight obesity and unaddressed cardiometabolic health risk-a narrative review.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2021Review
- Serum complement C3 and islet β-cell function in patients with type 2 diabetes: A 4.6-year prospective follow-up study.Endocrine · 2020Article
- Associations Between Complement Components and Vitamin D and the Physical Activities of Daily Living Among a Longevous Population in Hainan, China.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
20 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
An epidemiological design, consisting of cross-sectional (n = 2376) and cohort (n = 976) studies, was adopted to investigate the association between complement factors 3 (C3) and 4, and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) development. In the cross-sectional study, the C3 and C4 concentrations in the MetS group were higher than those in the non-MetS group (all P < 0.001), and the levels of immune globulin M (IgM), IgA, IgE, and IgG exhibited no significant differences between MetS and non-MetS (all P > 0.050). After multi-factor adjustment, the odds ratios (ORs) in the highest quartile of C3 and C4 concentrations were 7.047 (4.664, 10.648) and 1.961 (1.349, 2.849), respectively, both P trend < 0.050. After a 4 years follow-up, total 166 subjects were diagnosed with MetS, and the complement baseline levels from 2009 were used to predict the MetS risk in 2013. In the adjusted model, the relative risks (RRs) in the highest quartile of C3 and C4 levels were 4.779 (2.854, 8.003) and 2.590 (1.567, 4.280), respectively, both P trend < 0.001. Activation of complement factors may be an important part of inflammatory processes, and our results indicated that the elevated C3 and C4 levels were independent risk factors for MetS development.
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