Trial reportInternational journal of clinical and experimental pathology2015
Immunomodulatory effect of DC/CIK combined with chemotherapy in multiple myeloma and the clinical efficacy.
Trial report in International journal of clinical and experimental pathology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Adjuvant immunotherapy of dendritic cells and cytokine-induced killer cells is safe and enhances chemotherapy efficacy for multiple myeloma in China: a meta-analysis of clinical trials.Drug design, development and therapy · 2017Pooled it
- Clinical application of cytokine-induced killer cells in cancer immunotherapy.Cancer cell international · 2026Review
- Innovative combinatory approaches with dendritic cell-based vaccines: bridging preclinical insights and clinical challenges.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- Adoptive cell therapy against tumor immune evasion: mechanisms, innovations, and future directions.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Cytokine-induced killer cells: new insights for therapy of hematologic malignancies.Stem cell research & therapy · 2024Review
- Synergistic integration of histone deacetylase inhibitors apparently enhances the cytokine-induced killer cell efficiency in multiple myeloma via the NKG2D pathway.Clinical & translational immunology · 2024Article
- MMP9-Associated Tumor Stem Cells, CCL1-Silenced Dendritic Cells, and Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells Have a Remarkable Therapeutic Efficacy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia by Activating T Cells.Stem cells international · 2023Article
- Comparison of the inhibitory and stimulatory effects of Core and NS3 candidate HCV vaccines on the cellular immune response.American journal of clinical and experimental immunology · 2023Article
- The Characteristics of Tumor Microenvironment in Triple Negative Breast Cancer.Cancer management and research · 2022Review
- Review
- Effect of bortezomib on proliferation and apoptosis of myeloma cells by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.Oncology letters · 2020Article
- Adjuvant treatment for triple-negative breast cancer: a retrospective study of immunotherapy with autologous cytokine-induced killer cells in 294 patients.Cancer biology & medicine · 2019Article
- Blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in dendritic cell-stimulated Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells with pembrolizumab enhances their therapeutic effects against hepatocellular carcinoma.Journal of Cancer · 2019Article
- Cytokine-induced killer cells co-cultured with non-cell derived targeting peptide-loaded dendritic cells induce a specific antitumor response.Cancer biology & therapy · 2019Article
- Combination Strategies to Optimize Efficacy of Dendritic Cell-Based Immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Current treatment options of T cell-associated immunotherapy in multiple myeloma.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2017Review
- HLA-mediated tumor escape mechanisms that may impair immunotherapy clinical outcomes via T-cell activation.Oncology letters · 2017Article
- Cell-based immunotherapy with cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells: From preparation and testing to clinical application.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2017Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
To investigate the clinical efficacy of adoptive immunotherapy using dendritic cells (DC) and cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells combined with chemotherapy in multiple myeloma. The immunomodulatory effect of the therapy was discussed by detecting the levels of peripheral blood T cell subsets and CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory cells (Treg). Fifty MM patients were randomly divided into two groups: 24 cases in the simple chemotherapy group and 26 cases in the combined therapy group (chemotherapy plus DC/CIK immunotherapy). The therapeutic efficacy and the proportions of peripheral blood T cell subsets and Treg cells were compared between the two groups. The cellular immunity indicators were also compared, including IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10, AgNORs ratio and TGF-β. After 3 weeks of treatment, the life quality and clinical efficacy of the combined therapy group were superior to those of the simple chemotherapy group (P<0.05). CD3(+)CD8(+) ratio, CD4(+)CD25(+) ratio, CD4(+)CD25(+)/CD4(+) ratio, CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+)/CD4(+)CD25(+) ratio, IL-4, IL-10 and TGF-β levels of the combined therapy group were obviously lower than those of the simple chemotherapy group (P<0.05). The CD3(+)CD4(+)/CD3(+)CD8(+) ratio, AgNOR ratio, IL-2 and IFN-γ level and positive rate of NKG2D in the combined therapy group were significantly higher than those of the simple chemotherapy group (P<0.05). These results indicated better immunomodulatory effect of the combined therapy. DC/CIK immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy has a good clinical efficacy and prospect for MM, reversing the Th1 to Th2 shift and increasing the anti-tumor capacity of the immune system.
Indexed as
Identifiers
26722513PMC4680458W2225768454What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.