Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26721620›Full record

ReviewProgress in neurobiology2017

Challenges in the development of therapeutics for narcolepsy.

Sarah Wurts Black, Akihiro Yamanaka, Thomas S Kilduff

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Progress in neurobiology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
2.6field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Clinical pearls for the treatment of narcolepsy.The mental health clinician · 2025
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Transgenic Archaerhodopsin-3 Expression in Hypocretin/Orexin Neurons Engenders Cellular Dysfunction and Features of Type 2 Narcolepsy.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2019
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. The link between narcolepsy and autonomic cardiovascular dysfunction: a translational perspective.Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2018
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Sarah Wurts BlackCenter for Neuroscience, Biosciences Division, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA.
Akihiro YamanakaResearch Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
Thomas S KilduffCenter for Neuroscience, Biosciences Division, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA. Electronic address: thomas.kilduff@sri.com.
SRI International · USNagoya University · JP

Funding

NEURAL GENE EXPRESSION IN SLEEP DEPRIVATION AND RECOVERYR01HL059658 · NHLBI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI KILDUFF, THOMAS S · 1997 to 2023
$8.7M
Travel support for U.S.-Japan Brain Research Colllaborative ProgramR01NS077408 · NINDS · SRI INTERNATIONAL · PI KILDUFF, THOMAS S · 2012 to 2016
$2.2M
TAAR1 and the Control of WakefulnessR01NS082876 · NINDS · SRI INTERNATIONAL · PI KILDUFF, THOMAS S · 2013 to 2015
$1.3M
TAAR1 agonists as wake-promoting and cognitive-enhancing therapeuticsR21NS085757 · NINDS · SRI INTERNATIONAL · PI KILDUFF, THOMAS S, WALLACE, TANYA L · 2014 to 2015
$951k
Imaging of Hippocampal Activity Across Sleep/Wake and Disease StatesR21NS087550 · NINDS · SRI INTERNATIONAL · PI KILDUFF, THOMAS S · 2014 to 2015
$550k
TAAR1 Agonists as Narcolepsy TherapeuticsR21NS083639 · NINDS · SRI INTERNATIONAL · PI KILDUFF, THOMAS S · 2013 to 2014
$540k
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL059658NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS077408NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS082876NINDS NIH HHS R21 NS083639NINDS NIH HHS R21 NS085757NINDS NIH HHS R21 NS087550
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Narcolepsy is a neurological disorder that afflicts 1 in 2000 individuals and is characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and cataplexy-a sudden loss of muscle tone triggered by positive emotions. Features of narcolepsy include dysregulation of arousal state boundaries as well as autonomic and metabolic disturbances. Disruption of neurotransmission through the hypocretin/orexin (Hcrt) system, usually by degeneration of the HCRT-producing neurons in the posterior hypothalamus, results in narcolepsy. The cause of Hcrt neurodegeneration is unknown but thought to be related to autoimmune processes. Current treatments for narcolepsy are symptomatic, including wake-promoting therapeutics that increase presynaptic dopamine release and anticataplectic agents that activate monoaminergic neurotransmission. Sodium oxybate is the only medication approved by the US Food and Drug Administration that alleviates both sleep/wake disturbances and cataplexy. Development of therapeutics for narcolepsy has been challenged by historical misunderstanding of the disease, its many disparate symptoms and, until recently, its unknown etiology. Animal models have been essential to elucidating the neuropathology underlying narcolepsy. These models have also aided understanding the neurobiology of the Hcrt system, mechanisms of cataplexy, and the pharmacology of narcolepsy medications. Transgenic rodent models will be critical in the development of novel therapeutics for the treatment of narcolepsy, particularly efforts directed to overcome challenges in the development of hypocretin replacement therapy.

Indexed as

AnimalsDisease Models, AnimalDrug DiscoveryEvidence-Based MedicineHumansNarcolepsyTreatment OutcomeAnimal modelsCataplexyHypocretinNarcolepsyNeurodegenerationOrexin

Identifiers

PMID26721620
PMCPMC5114175
OpenAlexW2202924068

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.