Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26721400›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2016

Inhibition of Hif1α prevents both trauma-induced and genetic heterotopic ossification.

Shailesh Agarwal, Shawn Loder, Cameron Brownley, David Cholok, Laura Mangiavini, John Li, Christopher Breuler, Hsiao H Sung, Shuli Li, Kavitha Ranganathan and 10 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 141 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
141citing papers in PubMed
13.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

141 citing papers in PubMed, 220 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Identification of a Tenochondral Ossification Sequence Producing Heterotopic Ossification in Human Achilles Tendinopathy.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2026
    Article
  5. Review
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  15. Article
  16. A CD26Nature communications · 2025
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Fibroblasts in heterotopic ossification: mechanisms and therapeutic targets.International journal of biological sciences · 2025
    Review
  20. Article

81 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Shailesh AgarwalDepartment of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109;
Shawn LoderDepartment of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109;
Cameron BrownleyDepartment of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109;
David CholokDepartment of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109;
Laura MangiaviniDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109;
John LiDepartment of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109;
Christopher BreulerDepartment of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109;
Hsiao H SungDepartment of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109;
Shuli LiDepartment of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109;
Kavitha RanganathanDepartment of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109;
Joshua PetersonDepartment of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109;
Ronald TompkinsDepartment of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114;
David HerndonDepartment of Surgery, Shriners Hospital for Children and University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555;
Wenzhong XiaoDepartment of Surgery, Genome Technology Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305;
Dolrudee JumlongrasDepartment of Developmental Biology, Harvard Dental School, Boston, MA 02115;
Bjorn R OlsenDepartment of Developmental Biology, Harvard Dental School, Boston, MA 02115;
Thomas A DavisRegenerative Medicine Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD 20910;
Yuji MishinaDepartment of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109.
Ernestina SchipaniDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; eschipan@med.umich.edu blevi@umich.edu.
Benjamin LeviDepartment of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; eschipan@med.umich.edu blevi@umich.edu.
University of Michigan–Ann Arbor · USHarvard University · USNaval Medical Research Command · USShriners Hospitals for Children - Galveston · USStanford University · US

Funding

XenograftP30CA046592 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI THEODORE S LAWRENCE · 1988 to 2026
$178.2M
Inflammation and the Response to InjuryU54GM062119 · NIGMS · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI DAVIS, RONALD WAYNE · 2001 to 2010
$78.6M
WOUND HEALINGP50GM021700 · NIGMS · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI MARTYN, JEEVENDRA · 1985 to 2017
$27.2M
Pathogenic mechanisms of venous anomaliesP01AR048564 · NIAMS · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (MEDICAL SCHOOL) · PI OLSEN, BJORN REINO · 2003 to 2013
$13.4M
Structure, Composition, & Histology Core - Core BP30AR069620 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI KARL J JEPSEN · 2016 to 2026
$8.4M
COLLAGEN GENE STRUCTURE AND EXPRESSIONR01AR036820 · NIAMS · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (MEDICAL SCHOOL) · PI OLSEN, BJORN REINO · 1986 to 2013
$6.7M
Molecular pathogenesis of craniosynostosis caused by enhanced BMP signalingR01DE020843 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI MISHINA, YUJI · 2010 to 2019
$4.9M
SHORT-TERM TRAINING IN HEALTH PROF SCHOOLST35HL007690 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI FLAHERTY, KEVIN R · 1990 to 2024
$3.3M
HIF-1alpha, a Survival and Differentiation Factor for CartilageR01AR065403 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI SCHIPANI, ERNESTINA · 2013 to 2017
$1.7M
Novel Pathway and Prevention Strategy for Heterotopic OssificationK08GM109105 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI LEVI, BENJAMIN · 2014 to 2017
$785k
Targeting Heterotopic Ossification Induced Joint Contractures Before They Occur Through Early Detection and Angiogenic InhibitionF32AR068902 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI RANGANATHAN, KAVITHA · 2015 to 2016
$116k
Howard Hughes Medical InstituteNCI NIH HHS P30 CA046592NCI NIH HHS P30CA046592NHLBI NIH HHS T35 HL007690NIAMS NIH HHS F32 AR068902NIAMS NIH HHS P01 AR048564NIAMS NIH HHS P30 AR069620NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR036820NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR065403NIAMS NIH HHS R01AR065403-02NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE020843NIGMS NIH HHS K08 GM109105NIGMS NIH HHS K08GM109105-0NIGMS NIH HHS P50 GM021700NIGMS NIH HHS U54 GM062119NIGMS NIH HHS U54GM062119
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Pathologic extraskeletal bone formation, or heterotopic ossification (HO), occurs following mechanical trauma, burns, orthopedic operations, and in patients with hyperactivating mutations of the type I bone morphogenetic protein receptor ACVR1 (Activin type 1 receptor). Extraskeletal bone forms through an endochondral process with a cartilage intermediary prompting the hypothesis that hypoxic signaling present during cartilage formation drives HO development and that HO precursor cells derive from a mesenchymal lineage as defined by Paired related homeobox 1 (Prx). Here we demonstrate that Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (Hif1α), a key mediator of cellular adaptation to hypoxia, is highly expressed and active in three separate mouse models: trauma-induced, genetic, and a hybrid model of genetic and trauma-induced HO. In each of these models, Hif1α expression coincides with the expression of master transcription factor of cartilage, Sox9 [(sex determining region Y)-box 9]. Pharmacologic inhibition of Hif1α using PX-478 or rapamycin significantly decreased or inhibited extraskeletal bone formation. Importantly, de novo soft-tissue HO was eliminated or significantly diminished in treated mice. Lineage-tracing mice demonstrate that cells forming HO belong to the Prx lineage. Burn/tenotomy performed in lineage-specific Hif1α knockout mice (Prx-Cre/Hif1α(fl:fl)) resulted in substantially decreased HO, and again lack of de novo soft-tissue HO. Genetic loss of Hif1α in mesenchymal cells marked by Prx-cre prevents the formation of the mesenchymal condensations as shown by routine histology and immunostaining for Sox9 and PDGFRα. Pharmacologic inhibition of Hif1α had a similar effect on mesenchymal condensation development. Our findings indicate that Hif1α represents a promising target to prevent and treat pathologic extraskeletal bone.

Indexed as

Activin Receptors, Type IAdipose TissueAnimalsBurnsChondrogenesisDisease Models, AnimalGene Regulatory NetworksHumansHypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha SubunitIntegrasesLuminescent MeasurementsMesenchymal Stem CellsMice, KnockoutModels, BiologicalMustard CompoundsOssification, Heterotopic2-amino-3-(4'-N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenylpropionic acid N-oxideActivin Receptors, Type ICre recombinaseHypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha SubunitIntegrasesMustard CompoundsPhenylpropionatesReceptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alphaRNA, MessengerSirolimusSOX9 Transcription Factorcartilageheterotopic ossificationHIF1αmesenchymal condensationPrx

Identifiers

PMID26721400
PMCPMC4725488
OpenAlexW2217254272

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.