ArticleCanadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie2015
Explicit and Implicit Attitudes of Canadian Psychiatrists Toward People With Mental Illness.
Article in Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Schizophrenia spectrum stigma in healthcare: a systematic review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Changes in Attitudes toward Mental Illness in Healthcare Professionals and Students.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Pooled it
- Evaluating training and competency assessment in public and community psychiatry: a narrative review.BMC medical education · 2025Review
- Navigating stigma and somatization: a qualitative exploration of mental health experiences among middle-aged adults in rural China.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- Mental illness-related stigma and its associated factors among primary health care professionals in rural China.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- The causal relationship between mental illness-related stigma and mental health knowledge among adolescents at different educational stages: a longitudinal cross-lagged study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Implicit Stigma Toward People with Mental Illness Among Different Groups: Measurement, Extent, and Correlates.Psychology research and behavior management · 2025Review
- Prevalence of stigma towards mental illness among Portuguese healthcare professionals: a descriptive and comparative study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Impact of Board Certified Psychiatric Pharmacists on improving urinary tract infection antibiotic appropriateness at an acute psychiatric hospital.The mental health clinician · 2023Article
- "Attitudes to voices": a survey exploring the factors influencing clinicians' intention to assess distressing voices and attitudes towards working with young people who hear voices.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- Patient and Provider Perspectives on Emergency Department Care Experiences among People with Mental Health Concerns.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Mental health-related stigma and attitudes toward patient care among providers of mental health services in a rural Chinese county.The International journal of social psychiatry · 2022Article
- Stigma towards mental illness and help-seeking behaviors among adult and child psychiatrists in Hungary: A cross-sectional study.PloS one · 2022Article
- Stigmatization toward People with Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, and Binge Eating Disorder: A Scoping Review.Nutrients · 2021Article
- exploring counselor-client agreement on clients' work capacity in established and consultative dyads.Journal of employment counseling · 2020Article
- Mental Health Stigma: Explicit and Implicit Attitudes of Canadian Undergraduate Students, Medical School Students, and Psychiatrists.Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie · 2019Article
- Article
- Capsule Commentary on Crapanzano et al., An Exploration of Residents' Implicit Biases Towards Depression-a Pilot Study.Journal of general internal medicine · 2018Article
- An Exploration of Residents' Implicit Biases Towards Depression-a Pilot Study.Journal of general internal medicine · 2018Article
- Emotional Distress, Medical Utilization, and Disability Claims in Adult Refugees.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivePeople with mental illness suffer stigma and discrimination across various contexts, including the health care setting, and clinicians' attitudes play an important role in perpetuating stigma. Effective stigma-reduction interventions for physicians require a better understanding of explicit (that is, conscious and controllable) and implicit (that is, subconscious and automatic) forms of bias, and of predictors and moderators of stigma.
methodsMembers of a Canadian university psychiatry department and of the Canadian Psychiatric Association (CPA) were invited to participate in a web-based study consisting of 2 measures of explicit attitudes, the Social Distance Scale (SDS) and the Opening Minds Scale for Health Care Providers (OMS-HC), and 1 measure of implicit attitudes, the Implicit Association Test (IAT).
resultsThirty-five psychiatry residents and 68 psychiatrists completed the study (response rates of 12.1% for the university sample and 3.3% for the CPA sample). Participants desired greater social distance from the vignette patient with schizophrenia. Mean IAT scores, although negative, did not reach the threshold for a meaningful effect size. Patient contact positively predicted IAT scores, while age, sex, and level of training (resident, compared with psychiatrist) did not. Neither patient contact nor implicit attitudes predicted SDS or OMS-HC scores.
conclusionPsychiatrists did not differ from psychiatry residents on any measures of explicit or implicit attitudes toward mental illness. Explicit attitudes toward people with mental illness were relatively negative; implicit attitudes were neither negative nor positive; and implicit and explicit attitudes were not correlated. Greater patient contact predicted more positive implicit attitudes, but did not predict explicit attitudes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.