ArticleEuropean journal of microbiology & immunology2015
High Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma Gondii Infection in Female Sex Workers: A Case-Control Study.
Article in European journal of microbiology & immunology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Toxoplasma gondii infection and testosterone alteration: A systematic review and meta-analyses.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Beyond Latency: ChronicBiomedicines · 2025Review
- Serologic and molecular survey ofOpen veterinary journal · 2025Review
- Re-assessing host manipulation in Toxoplasma: the underexplored role of sexual transmission - evidence, mechanisms, implications.Folia parasitologica · 2025Review
- The impact of migration-related characteristics on the risk of TORCH infections among women of childbearing age: a population-based study in southern China.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Survey on the association between Toxoplasma gondii infection and violent behavior in inmates.PloS one · 2023Article
- IsPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Article
- Concordance ofJournal of clinical medicine research · 2017Article
- Predictors of Toxoplasma gondii infection in Czech and Slovak populations: the possible role of cat-related injuries and risky sexual behavior in the parasite transmission.Epidemiology and infection · 2017Article
- Article
- High Prevalence ofJournal of clinical medicine research · 2016Article
- Comparison of Toxoplasmosis Seroprevalence in Multi Partner, Married (Monogamous) and Virgin Iranian Women.Iranian journal of parasitologyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Through an age- and sex-matched case-control study, we sought to determine whether female sex workers have an increased risk of Toxoplasma gondii exposure and to determine the sociodemographic, work, clinical, and behavioral characteristics of these workers associated with T. gondii exposure. Female workers (n = 136) and controls (n = 272) were examined with enzyme-linked immunoassays (EIA) for the presence of anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies. IgM positive sera were additionally tested with enzyme linked-fluorescence immunoassay (ELFA). Anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies were found in 21 (15.44%) of 136 cases and in 10 (3.67%) of 272 controls (OR = 4.05; 95% CI: 1.84-8.89; P = 0.0001). Anti-T. gondii IgG levels higher than 150 IU/ml were found in 13 (9.6%) of 136 cases and in 8 (2.9%) of 272 controls (P = 0.007). Anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies were found in two cases and in six controls by EIA, but all were negative by ELFA. T. gondii seropositivity was associated with being born out of Durango State (OR = 10.47; 95% CI: 2.9-36.8; P < 0.01), injuries during sex work (OR = 6.30; 95% CI: 1.1-33.7; P = 0.03), and soil contact (OR = 4.11; 95% CI: 1.2-14.0; P = 0.02). This is the first report of an association of T. gondii infection and female sex workers.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.