ArticleSleep2016
Sleep Disturbances and Depression in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.
Article in Sleep, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Depressive symptom screening in elderly by passive sensing data of smartphones or smartwatches: A systematic review.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Excessive Daytime Sleepiness in Depression and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: More Than Just an Overlapping Symptom.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Sleep and Depressive Symptoms in Sedentary Community-Dwelling Older Adults With Sleep Complaints: Findings From Ambulatory Sleep EEG.Journal of geriatric psychiatry and neurology · 2025Trial
- Longitudinal Association of Sleep Duration with Depressive Symptoms among Middle-aged and Older Chinese.Scientific reports · 2017Trial
- Analysis of sleep quality and its influencing factors among residents in Chengguan District of Lhasa.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Financial Hardship and Sleep Quality Among Black American Women With and Without Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Psychosomatic medicine · 2024Article
- Race and sex differences in the longitudinal changes in multidimensional self-reported sleep health characteristics in aging older adults.Sleep health · 2023Article
- Association of lifestyle and sociodemographic factors on multimorbidity: a cross-sectional study in Portugal.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Association of Depressive Symptoms with Sleep Disturbance: A Co-twin Control Study.Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2022Article
- "Leaky Gut" as a Keystone of the Connection between Depression and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome? A Rationale and Study Design.Metabolites · 2022Article
- The Mediating Role of Emotion Dysregulation and Problematic Internet Use in the Relationship Between Negative Affect and Excessive Daytime Sleepiness: A Structural Equation Model.Nature and science of sleep · 2022Article
- Components of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in Iranian adult population: an item response theory model.Sleep medicine: X · 2021Article
- Psychological disturbances and their association with sleep disturbances in patients admitted for cardiovascular diseases.PloS one · 2021Article
- Quality of Sleep in the Cypriot Population and Its Association With Multimorbidity: A Cross-Sectional Study.Frontiers in public health · 2021Article
- Factors associated with psychological stress and distress among Korean adults: the results from Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Insomnia in Older Adults.Current geriatrics reports · 2019Article
- Associations of objective versus subjective social isolation with sleep disturbance, depression, and fatigue in community-dwelling older adults.Aging & mental health · 2019Article
- Sleep duration and multimorbidity in Luxembourg: results from the European Health Examination Survey in Luxembourg, 2013-2015.BMJ open · 2019Article
- Delayed Sleep Time in African Americans and Depression in a Community-Based Population.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2019Article
- Excessive daytime sleepiness in general hospital nurses: prevalence, correlates, and its association with adverse events.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
STUDY
objectivesWe examined the association of objectively and subjectively measured sleep disturbances with depression, and explored if race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and sex modified these associations.
methodsWe used data from the cross-sectional Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Sleep Study. Participants included 1,784 adults (ages 54-93 y), 36.8% non-Hispanic Whites, 28.0% African Americans, 23.7% Hispanics, 11.5% Chinese, and 46.0% males. Sleep was assessed with actigraphy, polysomnography, and self-report. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. We used relative risk regression to evaluate the association of sleep measures and depression (CES-D score ≥ 16) adjusting for site, sociodemographics, and behavioral and medical risk factors.
resultsOverall, 14.5% had depression, 29.3% had insomnia symptoms, 14.1% had excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), 15.1% had apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ≥ 30, and 30.4% experienced short sleep (< 6 h). Depression was associated with short sleep duration (adjusted prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.47, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.11, 1.94), < 10% rapid eye movement [REM] sleep (PR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.08, 2.27), ≥ 25% REM sleep (PR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.03, 1.95), insomnia (PR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.39, 2.40), excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) (PR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.19, 2.18), and AHI > 15 + EDS (PR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.01, 2.39). Short sleep duration was associated with depression among those with high school education or beyond, but not among those with less education. Insomnia was more strongly associated with depression among men than women.
conclusionsSleep disturbances are associated with depression among middle-aged and older adults; these associations may be modified by education and sex. Future research should further test these hypotheses, evaluate whether early detection or treatment of sleep disturbances ameliorate depression, and explore subpopulation differences.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.