Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26715206›Full record

ReviewChromosoma2016

Dynamics of vertebrate sex chromosome evolution: from equal size to giants and dwarfs.

Manfred Schartl, Michael Schmid, Indrajit Nanda

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Chromosoma, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 78 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
78citing papers in PubMed
6.4field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

78 citing papers in PubMed, 134 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Satellite DNA evolution in Tytonidae (Aves: Strigiformes): dynamic repeat landscapes despite conserved karyotypes.Chromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biology · 2026
    Article
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  3. Repeatome Dynamics and Sex Chromosome Differentiation in the XY and XYInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
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  20. MicrosatNavigator: exploring nonrandom distribution and lineage-specificity of microsatellite repeat motifs on vertebrate sex chromosomes across 186 whole genomes.Chromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biology · 2023
    Article

18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Manfred SchartlPhysiological Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Biocenter, Am Hubland, Würzburg, Germany. phch1@biozentrum.uni-wuerzburg.de.
Michael SchmidInstitute for Human Genetics, University of Würzburg, Biocenter, Am Hubland, Würzburg, Germany.
Indrajit NandaInstitute for Human Genetics, University of Würzburg, Biocenter, Am Hubland, Würzburg, Germany.
University of Würzburg · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The Y and W chromosomes of mammals and birds are known to be small because most of their genetic content degenerated and were lost due to absence of recombination with the X or Z, respectively. Thus, a picture has emerged of ever-shrinking Ys and Ws that may finally even fade into disappearance. We review here the large amount of literature on sex chromosomes in vertebrate species and find by taking a closer look, particularly at the sex chromosomes of fishes, amphibians and reptiles where several groups have evolutionary younger chromosomes than those of mammals and birds, that the perception of sex chromosomes being doomed to size reduction is incomplete. Here, sex-determining mechanisms show a high turnover and new sex chromosomes appear repeatedly. In many species, Ys and Ws are larger than their X and Z counterparts. This brings up intriguing perspectives regarding the evolutionary dynamics of sex chromosomes. It can be concluded that, due to accumulation of repetitive DNA and transposons, the Y and W chromosomes can increase in size during the initial phase of their differentiation.

Indexed as

Evolution, MolecularAmphibiansAnimalsBirdsFemaleFishesHeterochromatinMaleMiceReptilesSex Determination ProcessesX ChromosomeY ChromosomeHeterochromatinDegenerationHeterochromatinHeteromorphyHomomorphySex chromosomeWZ/ZZXX/XY

Identifiers

PMID26715206
OpenAlexW2284656375

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.