ArticlePsychological science2016
Variation in an Iron Metabolism Gene Moderates the Association Between Blood Lead Levels and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children.
Article in Psychological science, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring the link between toxic metal exposure and ADHD: a systematic review of pb and hg.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2024Pooled it
- Zinc status in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Scientific reports · 2021Pooled it
- Multivariate analysis of genome-wide data to identify potential pleiotropic genes for five major psychiatric disorders using MetaCCA.Journal of affective disorders · 2019Pooled it
- The Evolving ADHD Phenotype in the Externalizing Context.The American journal of psychiatry · 2026Review
- Effects of Blood Lead Levels <10 µg/dL in School-Age Children and Adolescents: A Scoping Review.Pediatrics · 2024Article
- An Industry-Relevant Metal Mixture, Iron Status, and Reported Attention-Related Behaviors in Italian Adolescents.Environmental health perspectives · 2024Article
- Joint polygenic and environmental risks for childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and ADHD symptom dimensions.JCPP advances · 2023Article
- Annual Research Review: Perspectives on progress in ADHD science - from characterization to cause.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2023Review
- Considerations toward an epigenetic and common pathways theory of mental disorder.Journal of psychopathology and clinical science · 2023Article
- Dynamic Thiol/Disulfide Homeostasis and Oxidative DNA Damage in Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2021Article
- ADHD: Reviewing the Causes and Evaluating Solutions.Journal of personalized medicine · 2021Review
- Development of ADHD: Etiology, Heterogeneity, and Early Life Course.Annual review of developmental psychology · 2020Article
- Role of Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.Lancet (London, England) · 2020Review
- Time-varying associations between prenatal metal mixtures and rapid visual processing in children.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2019Article
- Brain iron levels in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder normalize as a function of psychostimulant treatment duration.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2019Article
- Article
- Childhood Lead Exposure and Adult Neurodegenerative Disease.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2018Review
- Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder associated with KChIP1 rs1541665 in Kv channels accessory proteins.PloS one · 2017Article
- Research Review: Environmental exposures, neurodevelopment, and child mental health - new paradigms for the study of brain and behavioral effects.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Although attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a heritable neurodevelopmental condition, there is also considerable scientific and public interest in environmental modulators of its etiology. Exposure to neurotoxins is one potential source of perturbation of neural, and hence psychological, development. Exposure to lead in particular has been widely investigated and is correlated with neurodevelopmental outcomes, including ADHD. To investigate whether this effect is likely to be causal, we used a Mendelian randomization design with a functional gene variant. In a case-control study, we examined the association between ADHD symptoms in children and blood lead level as moderated by variants in the hemochromatosis (HFE) gene. The HFE gene regulates iron uptake and secondarily modulates lead metabolism. Statistical moderation was observed: The magnitude of the association of blood lead with symptoms of ADHD was altered by functional HFE genotype, which is consistent with a causal hypothesis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.