Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26707338›Full record

SynthesisSports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)2016

Challenges Establishing the Efficacy of Exercise as an Antidepressant Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Control Group Responses in Exercise Randomised Controlled Trials.

Brendon Stubbs, Davy Vancampfort, Simon Rosenbaum, Philip B Ward, Justin Richards, Michael Ussher, Felipe B Schuch

Registry-linked trialAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03403881 (Avaliação de Uma intervenção de promoção Atividade física em Pacientes Com depressão Maior em Atendimento Ambulatorial), which is not on this map. Cited by 24 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03403881 naunknown statusnot on this map

Avaliação de Uma intervenção de promoção Atividade física em Pacientes Com depressão Maior em Atendimento Ambulatorial (MOVEDEP): um Ensaio clínico Randomizado

TypeinterventionalSponsorHospital de Clinicas de Porto AlegreRan2016 to 2019Enrolled130ConditionsMajor Depressive DisorderArmsPhysical activity promotion + TAU, Control
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. The associations between sedentary behaviour and mental health among adolescents: a systematic review.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2016
    Pooled it
  4. Trial
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  7. Article
  8. Article
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  13. Review
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  15. "It's More Than Just Exercise": Tailored Exercise at a Community-Based Activity Center as aInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2021
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Exercise and Depressive Disorder.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2020
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Brendon StubbsPhysiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AZ, UK. brendonstubbs@hotmail.com.
Davy VancampfortDepartment of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Simon RosenbaumSchool of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Philip B WardSchool of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Justin RichardsSchool of Public Health, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Michael UssherPopulation Health Research Institute, St. George's University of London, London, UK.
Felipe B SchuchHospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWhilst previous meta-analyses have demonstrated that control group responses (CGRs) can negatively influence antidepressant efficacy, no such meta-analysis exists in exercise randomised controlled trials (RCTs).

objectiveThe aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis investigating CGRs and predictors in control groups of exercise RCTs among adults with depression.

methodsThree authors acquired RCTs from a previous Cochrane review (2013) and conducted updated searches of major databases from January 2013 to August 2015. We included exercise RCTs that (1) involved adults with major depressive disorder (MDD) or depressive symptoms; (2) measured depressive symptoms pre- and post-intervention using a validated measure [e.g. Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D)]; and (3) included a non-active control group. A random effects meta-analysis calculating the standardised mean difference (SMD) together with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) was employed to determine CGR.

resultsAcross 41 studies, 1122 adults with depression were included [mean (SD) age 50 (18) years, 63 % female]. A large CGR of improved depressive symptoms was evident across all studies (SMD -0.920, 95 % CI -1.11 to -0.729). CGRs were elevated across all subgroup analyses, including high quality studies (n = 11, SMD -1.430, 95 % CI -1.771 to -1.090) and MDD participants (n = 18, SMD -1.248, 95 % CI = -1.585 to -0.911). The CGR equated to an improvement of -7.5 points on the HAM-D (95 % CI -10.30 to -4.89). In MDD participants, increasing age moderated a smaller CGR, while the percentage of drop-outs, baseline depressive symptoms and a longer control group duration moderated a larger CGR (i.e. improvement) (p < 0.05).

conclusionIn order to demonstrate effectiveness, exercise has to overcome a powerful CGR of approximately double that reported for antidepressant RCTS.

Indexed as

Exercise TherapyControl GroupsDepressive DisorderFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRandomized Controlled Trials as Topic

Identifiers

PMID26707338

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.