ArticleResuscitation2016
Effect of gender on outcome of out of hospital cardiac arrest in the Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium.
Article in Resuscitation, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 99 citations in OpenAlex.
- Early versus delayed coronary angiography in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and no ST-segment elevation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2024Pooled it
- Gender differences and survival after an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Internal and emergency medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Sex differences in survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a meta-analysis.Critical care (London, England) · 2020Pooled it
- Pediatric Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Characteristics and Their Association With Survival and Neurobehavioral Outcome.Pediatric critical care medicine : a journal of the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies · 2016Trial
- Age-Dependent Benefit of ECPR in OHCA: An Interaction Analysis.Chonnam medical journal · 2026Article
- Differences in bystander CPR by patient, caller, and telecommunicator sex: a retrospective analysis of emergency calls.Resuscitation plus · 2026Article
- Medical Student Perspectives on Female Anatomical Representation in CPR Training.Advances in medical education and practice · 2026Article
- Moderate Kidney Dysfunction Independently Increases Sudden Cardiac Arrest Risk: A Community-Based Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Development of a health equity tool in resuscitation sciences and application to current research in extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation for cardiac arrest.Resuscitation · 2025Review
- Sex disparities in ICU care and outcomes after cardiac arrest: a Swiss nationwide analysis.Critical care (London, England) · 2025Article
- Gender disparities in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: implications for public health and bystander interventions in Zhengzhou.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Social determinants and pre-arrest care patterns associated with cardiac arrest and mortality.Resuscitation · 2024Article
- Sex Disparities in Resuscitation Quality Following Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
- Review
- Variation in the Use of Targeted Temperature Management for Cardiac Arrest.The American journal of cardiology · 2023Article
- The Impact of Body Mass Index on In-Hospital Mortality in Post-Cardiac-Arrest Patients-Does Sex Matter?Nutrients · 2023Article
- One-year survival after out-of- hospital cardiac arrest: Sex-based survival analysis in a Canadian population.Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open · 2023Article
- Association between sex and survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open · 2023Article
- Gender disparities in patients undergoing extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Article
- Trends in survival after cardiac arrest: a Swedish nationwide study over 30 years.European heart journal · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionThis study examined the relationship between gender and outcomes of non-traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).
methodsAll eligible, consecutive, non-traumatic Emergency Medical Services (EMS) treated OHCA patients in the Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium between December 2005 and May 2007. Patient age was analyzed as a continuous variable and stratified in two age cohorts: 15-45 and >55 years of age (yoa). Unadjusted and adjusted (based on Utstein characteristics) chi square tests and logistic regression models were employed to examine the relationship between gender, age, and survival outcomes.
resultsThis study enrolled 14,690 patients: of which 36.4% were women with a mean age of 68.3 and 63.6% of them men with a mean age of 64.2. Women survived to hospital discharge less often than men (6.4% vs. 9.1%, p<0.001); the unadjusted OR was 0.69, 95%CI: 0.60, 0.77 whereas when adjusted for all Utstein predictors the difference was not significant (OR: 1.16, 95%CI: 0.98, 1.36, p=0.07). The adjusted survival rate for younger women (15-45 yoa) was 11.1% vs. 9.8% for younger men (OR: 1.66, 95%CI: 1.04, 2.64, p=0.03) but no difference in discharge rates was observed in the >55 cohort (OR: 0.94, 95%CI: 0.78, 1.15, p=0.57).
conclusionsWomen who suffer OHCAs have lower rates of survival and have unfavourable Utstein predictors. When survival is adjusted for these predictors survival is similar between men and women except in younger women suggesting that age modifies the association of gender and survival from OHCA; a result that supports a protective hormonal effect among premenopausal women.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.