Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26705230›Full record

Observational studyMedicine2015

Association of Periodontitis and Subsequent Depression: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.

Chih-Chao Hsu, Yi-Chao Hsu, Hsuan-Ju Chen, Che-Chen Lin, Kuang-Hsi Chang, Chang-Yin Lee, Lee-Won Chong, Chia-Hung Kao

Open access · goldAbstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
41citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
3.3field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

41 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Pooled it
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
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  10. Advances in the study of the relationship betweenFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
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  15. Article
  16. Oral health, anxiety symptoms and depressive symptoms: findings from the survey of health, ageing and retirement in Europe.Psychogeriatrics : the official journal of the Japanese Psychogeriatric Society · 2023
    Article
  17. Assessment of Periodontal Status in Patients with Depression: A Cross-Sectional Study.Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre · 2023
    Article
  18. Journal of oral microbiology · 2023
    Review
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  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Chih-Chao HsuFrom the Department of Psychiatry (C-CH), Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung; Institute of Biomedical Sciences (Y-CH), Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City; Management Office for Health Data (H-JC, C-CL), China Medical University Hospital; College of Medicine (H-JC, C-CL), China Medical University; Department of Medical Research (K-HC), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung; College of Medicine (C-YL), The School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, I-Shou University (Yancho Campus); Department of Chinese Medicine (C-YL), E-DA Hospital, Kaohsiung; Department of Internal Medicine (L-WC), Division of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital; Department of Nuclear Medicine and Positron Emission Tomography Center (C-HK), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung; and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science (C-HK), College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taiwan.
Yi-Chao Hsu
Hsuan-Ju Chen
Che-Chen Lin
Kuang-Hsi Chang
Chang-Yin Lee
Lee-Won Chong
Chia-Hung Kao
Bridge University · SSChina Medical University · TW

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Periodontitis is a systemic and chronic inflammatory disease associated with multiple physical conditions. Distress and depression are other problems affecting the progression of periodontitis. However, the causal relationship between depression and periodontitis has not been adequately investigated. This aim of this study was to determine the association between periodontitis and the subsequent development of depression.We identified 12,708 patients with newly diagnosed periodontitis from 2000 to 2005 and 50,832 frequency-matched individuals without periodontitis. Both groups were followed until diagnosed with depression, withdrawal from the National Health Insurance program, or the end of 2011. The association between periodontitis and depressio was analyzed using Cox proportional hazard regression models.The incidence density rate of depression was higher in the periodontitis group than in the nonperiodontitis group, with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.73 (95% confidence interval 1.58-1.89) when adjusting for sex, age, and comorbidity. Cox models revealed that periodontitis was an independent risk factor for depression in patients, except for comorbidities of diabetes mellitus (DM), alcohol abuse, and cancer.Periodontitis may increase the risk of subsequent depression and was suggested an independent risk factor regardless of sex, age, and most comorbidities. However, DM, alcohol abuse, and cancer may prevent the development of subsequent depression because of DM treatment, the paradoxical effect of alcohol, and emotional distress to cancer, respectively. Prospective studies on the relationship between periodontitis and depression are warranted.

Indexed as

AdultAgedComorbidityDepressive DisorderFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedPeriodontitisProportional Hazards ModelsProspective StudiesRetrospective StudiesRisk Factors

Identifiers

PMID26705230
PMCPMC4697996
OpenAlexW2331522075

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.