ArticleBMC cancer2015
Natural killer (NK) cells inhibit systemic metastasis of glioblastoma cells and have therapeutic effects against glioblastomas in the brain.
Article in BMC cancer, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development of humanized mouse with patient-derived xenografts for cancer immunotherapy studies: A comprehensive review.Cancer science · 2021Pooled it
- The safety and feasibility of multiple intrathecal injections of allogenic NK cells in pediatrics with refractory/recurrent brain tumors.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Glioblastoma Tumor Microenvironment and Purinergic Signaling: Implications for Novel Therapies.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Deciphering novel mitochondrial signatures: multi-omics analysis uncovers cross-disease markers and oligodendrocyte pathways in Alzheimer's disease and glioblastoma.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
- C/EBPβ-dependent autophagy inhibition hinders NK cell function in cancer.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Prospective Molecular Targets for Natural Killer Cell Immunotherapy against Glioblastoma Multiforme.Cells · 2024Review
- The role and application of small extracellular vesicles in glioma.Cancer cell international · 2024Review
- Antitumor Effects of Intravenous Natural Killer Cell Infusion in an Orthotopic Glioblastoma Xenograft Murine Model and Gene Expression Profile Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Combined Role of Interleukin-15 Stimulated Natural Killer Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and Carboplatin in Osimertinib-Resistant H1975 Lung Cancer Cells with EGFR Mutations.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Limited Effects of Class II Transactivator-Based Immunotherapy in Murine and Human Glioblastoma.Cancers · 2023Article
- Glioblastoma Microenvironment and Invasiveness: New Insights and Therapeutic Targets.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- The Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Primary CNS Neoplasms: A Review of Current Knowledge and Therapeutic Approaches.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Immunoglobulin-like transcript 2 blockade restores antitumor immune responses in glioblastoma.Cancer science · 2023Article
- Chemo-immune cell therapy by intratumoral injection of adoptive NK cells with capecitabine in gastric cancer xenograft model.BioImpacts : BI · 2023Article
- Natural killer cells in sepsis: Friends or foes?Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Preliminary Study on Natural Killer Cell Activity for Interferon-Gamma Production after Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Brain Tumors.Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society · 2022Article
- ELK3 modulates the antitumor efficacy of natural killer cells against triple negative breast cancer by regulating mitochondrial dynamics.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2022Article
- Translational landscape of glioblastoma immunotherapy for physicians: guiding clinical practice with basic scientific evidence.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2022Review
- Pyroptosis-related prognosis model, immunocyte infiltration characterization, and competing endogenous RNA network of glioblastoma.BMC cancer · 2022Article
- Natural killer cell-related gene signature predicts malignancy of glioma and the survival of patients.BMC cancer · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is characterized by extensive local invasion, which is in contrast with extremely rare systemic metastasis of GBM. Molecular mechanisms inhibiting systemic metastasis of GBM would be a novel therapeutic candidate for GBM in the brain.
methodsPatient-derived GBM cells were primarily cultured from surgical samples of GBM patients and were inoculated into the brains of immune deficient BALB/c-nude or NOD-SCID IL2Rgamma(null) (NSG) mice. Human NK cells were isolated from peripheral blood mononucleated cells and expanded in vitro.
resultsPatient-derived GBM cells in the brains of NSG mice unexpectedly induced spontaneous lung metastasis although no metastasis was detected in BALB/c-nude mice. Based on the difference of the innate immunity between two mouse strains, NK cell activities of orthotopic GBM xenograft models based on BALB/c-nude mice were inhibited. NK cell inactivation induced spontaneous lung metastasis of GBM cells, which indicated that NK cells inhibit the systemic metastasis. In vitro cytotoxic activities of human NK cells against GBM cells indicated that cytotoxic activity of NK cells against GBM cells prevents systemic metastasis of GBM and that NK cells could be effective cell therapeutics against GBM. Accordingly, NK cells transplanted into orthotopic GBM xenograft models intravenously or intratumorally induced apoptosis of GBM cells in the brain and showed significant therapeutic effects.
conclusionsOur results suggest that innate NK immunity is responsible for rare systemic metastasis of GBM and that sufficient supplementation of NK cells could be a promising immunotherapeutic strategy for GBM in the brain.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.