ReviewWorld neurosurgery2016
Extraneural Glioblastoma Multiforme Vertebral Metastasis.
Review in World neurosurgery, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bone metastasis from glioblastoma: a systematic review.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Opportunities to Modulate Tumor Ecosystem Toward Successful Glioblastoma Immunotherapy.Cancer science · 2025Review
- Extra-central nervous system metastasis from high-grade glioma: a single-institution experience.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Metabolic reprogramming in glioblastoma: a rare case of recurrence to scalp metastasis.BJC reports · 2025Article
- Safety and Efficacy of Stereotactic Radiosurgery in the Management of Primary Spinal Cord Glioblastoma: A Case Report.Cancer management and research · 2025Article
- Non-coding RNAs as key players in neurodegeneration and brain tumors: Insights into therapeutic strategies.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2025Review
- Metastatic extraneural glioblastoma diagnosed with molecular testing.The oncologist · 2024Article
- Meningeal Lymphatics in Central Nervous System Diseases.Annual review of neuroscience · 2024Review
- Uncommon evolution of glioblastoma: leptomeningeal and extraneural spread in a single patient.Acta neurologica Belgica · 2024Article
- Metastatic glioblastoma to the lungs: a case report and literature review.CNS oncology · 2024Review
- Pediatric H3K27M‑mutant diffuse midline glioma with vertebral metastasis: A case report and literature review.Oncology letters · 2024Article
- Breaking boundaries: A rare case of glioblastoma with uncommon extraneural metastases: A case report and literature review.Brain & spine · 2024Article
- Extracranial metastasis of brain glioblastoma outside CNS: Pathogenesis revisited.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2023Review
- Recurrent glioblastoma metastatic to the lumbar vertebra: A case report and literature review: Surgical oncology.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Transdural Skull Base Infiltration by Glioblastoma: Case Report and Review of the Literature.Case reports in otolaryngology · 2023Article
- Primary thoracic intramedullary spinal cord tumor with likely metastases of glial origin to the lumbosacral vertebrae: Illustrative case.Surgical neurology international · 2023Article
- Indolent enhancing spinal lesions mimicking spinal metastasis in pediatric patients with malignant primary brain tumors.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Glioblastoma multiforme with vertebral metastases: A case report.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2022Article
- Targeted systemic dendrimer delivery of CSF-1R inhibitor to tumor-associated macrophages improves outcomes in orthotopic glioblastoma.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2021Article
- Diffuse vertebral metastases from glioblastoma with vertebroepidural diffusion: A case report and review of the literature.Surgical neurology international · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant central nervous system tumor; however, extraneural metastasis is uncommon. Of those that metastasize extraneurally, metastases to the vertebral bodies represent a significant proportion. We present a review of 28 cases from the published literature of GBM metastasis to the vertebra. The mean age at presentation was 38.4 years with an average overall survival of 26 months. Patients were either asymptomatic with metastasis discovered at autopsy or presented with varying degrees of pain, weakness of the extremities, or other neurologic deficits. Of the cases that included the time to spinal metastasis, the average time was 26.4 months with a reported survival of 10 months after diagnosis of vertebral metastasis. A significant number of patients had no treatments for their spinal metastasis, although the intracranial lesions were treated extensively with surgery and/or adjuvant therapy. With increasing incremental gains in the survival of patients with GBM, clinicians will encounter patients with extracranial metastasis. As such, this review presents timely information concerning the presentation and outcomes of patients with vertebral metastasis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.