ArticleThe journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society2016
miR-21 Is Linked to Glioma Angiogenesis: A Co-Localization Study.
Article in The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Microcargos with Megaeffects: A Literature Review of Immunomodulatory, Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Dimensions of Exosomal MicroRNAs in Glioblastoma Multiforme.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Unlocking the Potential of Circulating miRNAs as Biomarkers in Glioblastoma.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Investigating Expression Dynamics of miR-21 and miR-10b in Glioblastoma Cells In Vitro: Insights into Responses to Hypoxia and Secretion Mechanisms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Integrative analysis reveals the functional implications and clinical relevance of pyroptosis in low-grade glioma.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Diagnostic, grading and prognostic role of a restricted miRNAs signature in primary and metastatic brain tumours. Discussion on their therapeutic perspectives.Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG · 2022Article
- Angioregulatory microRNAs in breast cancerJournal of advanced research · 2022Review
- Review
- Neuroimmunomodulatory Properties of Flavonoids and Derivates: A Potential Action as Adjuvants for the Treatment of Glioblastoma.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Expression of microRNAs miR-21 and miR-326 associated with HIF-1α regulation in neurospheres of glioblastoma submitted to ionizing radiation treatment.Reports of practical oncology and radiotherapy : journal of Greatpoland Cancer Center in Poznan and Polish Society of Radiation Oncology · 2022Article
- Liquid Biopsy in Glioblastoma Management: From Current Research to Future Perspectives.The oncologist · 2021Review
- Angiogenic Exosome-Derived microRNAs: Emerging Roles in Cardiovascular Disease.Journal of cardiovascular translational research · 2021Review
- The Multifaceted Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Glioblastoma: microRNA Nanocarriers for Disease Progression and Gene Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- Cancer-secreted exosomal miR-21-5p induces angiogenesis and vascular permeability by targeting KRIT1.Cell death & disease · 2021Article
- Roles of Non-coding RNAs and Angiogenesis in Glioblastoma.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
- Glioma-Derived Extracellular Vesicles - Far More Than Local Mediators.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Comprehensive Analysis of Pyroptosis-Associated in Molecular Classification, Immunity and Prognostic of Glioma.Frontiers in genetics · 2021Article
- Role of hypoxia inducible factor-1 in cancer stem cells (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2021Review
- Review
- Recent Trends of microRNA Significance in Pediatric Population Glioblastoma and Current Knowledge of Micro RNA Function in Glioblastoma Multiforme.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Double-Targeted Knockdown of miR-21 and CXCR4 Inhibits Malignant Glioma Progression by Suppression of the PI3K/AKT and Raf/MEK/ERK Pathways.BioMed research international · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) is the most consistently over-expressed microRNA (miRNA) in malignant gliomas. We have previously reported that miR-21 is upregulated in glioma vessels and subsets of glioma cells. To better understand the role of miR-21 in glioma angiogenesis and to characterize miR-21-positive tumor cells, we systematically stained consecutive serial sections from ten astrocytomas for miR-21, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (Oct4), sex-determining region Y box 2 (Sox2) and CD133. We developed an image analysis-based co-localization approach allowing global alignment and quantitation of the individual markers, and measured the miR-21 in situ hybridization signal against the immunohistochemical staining of the six different markers. miR-21 significantly co-localized with the hypoxia- and angiogenesis-associated markers HIF-1α (p=0.0020) and VEGF (p=0.0096), whereas the putative miR-21 target, PTEN, was expressed independently of miR-21. Expression of stem cell markers Oct4, Sox2 and CD133 was not associated with miR-21. In six glioblastoma cultures, miR-21 did not correlate with the six markers. These findings suggest that miR-21 is linked to glioma angiogenesis, that miR-21 is unlikely to regulate PTEN, and that miR-21-positive tumor cells do not possess stem cell characteristics.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.