Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26700941›Full record

SynthesisTropical medicine & international health : TM & IH2016

Seroprevalence of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 amongst mothers and children in Malawi within the context of a systematic review and meta-analysis of HTLV seroprevalence in Africa.

James M Fox, Nora Mutalima, Elizabeth Molyneux, Lucy M Carpenter, Graham P Taylor, Martin Bland, Robert Newton, Fabiola Martin

Open access · hybridAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 21% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Re-emergence of human T-lymphotropic viruses in West Africa.The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases
    Pooled it
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Nontraumatic Myelopathy in Malawi: A Prospective Study in an Area with High HIV Prevalence.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2020
    Article
  11. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 7 institutions in 4 countries.

James M FoxCentre for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology and Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, UK.
Nora MutalimaHealth Sciences, University of York, York, UK.
Elizabeth MolyneuxPaediatric Department, College of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi.
Lucy M CarpenterNuffield College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Graham P TaylorNational Centre for Human Retrovirology/HTLV clinic, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, St Mary's Hospital, London, UK.
Martin BlandHealth Sciences, University of York, York, UK.
Robert NewtonMRC/UVRI Uganda Research Unit on AIDS, Entebbe, Uganda.
Fabiola MartinCentre for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology and Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, UK.
University of York · GBHull York Medical School · GBMonash Health · AUQueen Elizabeth Central Hospital · MWSt Mary's Hospital · GBUganda Virus Research Institute · UGUniversity of Oxford · GB

Funding

Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust 097829
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesHuman T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-1 causes T-cell leukaemia and myelopathy. Together with HTLV-2, it is endemic in some African nations. Seroprevalence data from Malawi are scarce, with no reports on associated disease incidence. HTLV seroprevalence and type were tested in 418 healthy mothers from Malawi. In addition, we tested the sera of 534 children to investigate mother-to-child transmission. To provide context, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of HTLV seroprevalence in African women and children.

methodsStored samples from a previous childhood cancer and BBV study were analysed. ELISA was used for HTLV screening followed by immunoblot for confirmation and typing. Standard methods were used for the systematic review.

resultsHTLV seroprevalence was 2.6% (11/418) in mothers and 2.2% (12/534) in children. Three mothers carried HTLV-1 alone, seven had HTLV-2 and one was dually infected. Three children carried HTLV-1 alone, seven had HTLV-2 and two were dually infected. Only two corresponding mothers of the 12 HTLV-positive children were HTLV positive. The systematic review included 66 studies of women and 13 of children conducted in 25 African countries. Seroprevalence of HTLV-1 varied from 0 to 17% and of HTLV-2 from 0 to 4%.

conclusionsIn contrast to findings from other studies in Africa, the seroprevalence of HTLV-2 was higher than that of HTLV-1 in Malawi and one of the highest for the African region. The lack of mother-child concordance suggests alternative sources of infection among children. Our data and analyses contribute to HTLV prevalence mapping in Africa.

Indexed as

Human T-lymphotropic virus 1Human T-lymphotropic virus 2AdolescentAfricaChildChild, PreschoolCoinfectionFemaleHTLV-II InfectionsHTLV-I InfectionsHumansInfantInfectious Disease Transmission, VerticalMalawiMalePregnancyAfricaÁfricaAfriquefemmes en bonne santéhealthy womenHTLVHTLV-1HTLV-2Human T-lymphotropic virusMalawimeta análisisméta-analysemeta-analysismother-to-child transmissionMTCTmujeres sanasprevalenceprévalenceprevalenciaprevención de la transmisión madre-hijorevisión sistemáticarevue systématiqueseroprevalenceséroprévalenceseroprevalenciasystematic reviewTMEtransmisión madre-hijotransmission mère-enfantvirus linfotrópico humano de células Tvirus T-lymphotropique humain

Identifiers

PMID26700941
PMCPMC4819700
OpenAlexW2201297644

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.