Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26700109›Full record

Trial reportDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2016

Effects of vitamin D2 or D3 supplementation on glycaemic control and cardiometabolic risk among people at risk of type 2 diabetes: results of a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial.

N G Forouhi, R K Menon, S J Sharp, N Mannan, P M Timms, A R Martineau, A P Rickard, B J Boucher, T A Chowdhury, C J Griffiths and 3 more

Open access · hybridAbstract readComparative StudyMulticenter StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
56citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
5.8field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

56 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 88 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

N G ForouhiMedical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK.
R K MenonBlizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
S J SharpMedical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK.
N MannanBlizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
P M TimmsHomerton University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
A R MartineauBlizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
A P RickardMedical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK.
B J BoucherBlizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
T A ChowdhuryBlizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
C J GriffithsBlizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
S E GreenwaldBlizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
S J GriffinMedical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK.
G A HitmanBlizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
Queen Mary University of London · GBCambridge School · PTBarts Health NHS Trust · GBHomerton University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust · GBMRC Epidemiology Unit · GBUniversity of Cambridge · GB

Funding

Medical Research Council MC_U106179474Medical Research Council MC_UP_A100_1003Medical Research Council MC_UU_12015/4Medical Research Council MC_UU_12015/5
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsTo investigate the effect of short-term vitamin D supplementation on cardiometabolic outcomes among individuals with an elevated risk of diabetes.

methodsIn a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized trial, 340 adults who had an elevated risk of type 2 diabetes (non-diabetic hyperglycaemia or positive diabetes risk score) were randomized to either placebo, 100,000 IU vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) or 100,000 IU vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol), orally administered monthly for 4 months. The primary outcome was change in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) between baseline and 4 months, adjusted for baseline. Secondary outcomes included: blood pressure; lipid levels; apolipoprotein levels; C-reactive protein levels; pulse wave velocity (PWV); anthropometric measures; and safety of the supplementation.

resultsThe mean [standard deviation (s.d.)] 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]2 concentration increased from 5.2 (4.1) to 53.9 (18.5) nmol/l in the D2 group, and the mean (s.d.) 25(OH)D3 concentration increased from 45.8 (22.6) to 83.8 (22.7) nmol/l in the D3 group. There was no effect of vitamin D supplementation on HbA1c: D2 versus placebo: -0.05% [95% confidence interval (CI) -0.11, 0.02] or -0.51 mmol/mol (95% CI -1.16, 0.14; p = 0.13); D3 versus placebo: 0.02% (95% CI -0.04, 0.08) or 0.19 mmol/mol (95% CI -0.46, 0.83; p = 0.57). There were no clinically meaningful effects on secondary outcomes, except PWV [D2 versus placebo: -0.68 m/s (95% CI -1.31, -0.05); D3 versus placebo -0.73 m/s (95% CI -1.42, -0.03)]. No important safety issues were identified.

conclusionsShort-term supplementation with vitamin D2 or D3 had no effect on HbA1c. The modest reduction in PWV with both D2 and D3 relative to placebo suggests that vitamin D supplementation has a beneficial effect on arterial stiffness.

Indexed as

Dietary Supplements25-Hydroxyvitamin D 2AdultAgedCalcifediolCardiovascular DiseasesCholecalciferolCohort StudiesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Double-Blind MethodEnglandErgocalciferolsFeasibility StudiesFemaleFollow-Up StudiesGlycated Hemoglobin25-Hydroxyvitamin D 2CalcifediolCholecalciferolErgocalciferolsGlycated Hemoglobinhemoglobin A1c protein, humaninterventionplacebopulse wave velocityrandomizedtrialtype 2 diabetesvitamin D2vitamin D3

Identifiers

PMID26700109
PMCPMC4950066
OpenAlexW2419277772

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.