Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26696975›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2015

Resistance Mutations in gyrA and parC are Common in Escherichia Communities of both Fluoroquinolone-Polluted and Uncontaminated Aquatic Environments.

Anna Johnning, Erik Kristiansson, Jerker Fick, Birgitta Weijdegård, D G Joakim Larsson

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
54citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

54 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Genomic Characterization, Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles, andAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026
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  3. Review
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  12. Article
  13. Isolation of ESBL-ProducingMicroorganisms · 2025
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Adaptation of a fluoroquinolone-sensitiveRoyal Society open science · 2024
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Anna JohnningDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg Gothenburg, Sweden ; Department of Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg, Sweden.
Erik KristianssonDepartment of Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg, Sweden.
Jerker FickDepartment of Chemistry, Umeå University Umeå, Sweden.
Birgitta WeijdegårdDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg Gothenburg, Sweden.
D G Joakim LarssonDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg Gothenburg, Sweden.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alterations in the target proteins of fluoroquinolones, especially in GyrA and ParC, are known to cause resistance. Here, we investigated environmental Escherichia communities to explore the possible link between the abundance of mutations, and the exposure to fluoroquinolones. Sediment samples were collected from a relatively pristine lake, up and downstream from a sewage treatment plant, and from several industrially polluted sites. The quinolone resistance-determining regions of gyrA and parC were analyzed using amplicon sequencing of metagenomic DNA. Five non-synonymous substitutions were present in all samples, and all of these mutations have been previously linked to fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli. In GyrA, substitutions S83L and D87N were on average detected at frequencies of 86 and 32%, respectively, and 31% of all amplicons encoded both substitutions. In ParC, substitutions S80I, E84G, and E84V were detected in 42, 0.9, and 6.0% of the amplicons, respectively, and 6.5% encoded double substitutions. There was no significant correlation between the level of fluoroquinolone pollution and the relative abundance of resistance mutations, with the exception of the most polluted site, which showed the highest abundance of said substitutions in both genes. Our results demonstrate that resistance mutations can be common in environmental Escherichia, even in the absence of a fluoroquinolone selective pressure.

Indexed as

antibioticsantimicrobial agentsmechanisms of resistancemicrobial communitiesnext generation sequencing

Identifiers

PMID26696975
PMCPMC4673309

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.