ReviewTransfusion medicine and hemotherapy : offizielles Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Transfusionsmedizin und Immunhamatologie2015
New Insights in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia.
Review in Transfusion medicine and hemotherapy : offizielles Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Transfusionsmedizin und Immunhamatologie, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05711264 (Presence of Circulating CD4+CD28 Null T Helper Lymphocytes in Patients With Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia.), which is not on this map. Cited by 78 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Presence of Circulating CD4+CD28 Null T Helper Lymphocytes in Patients With Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia.
Who cites it
78 citing papers in PubMed.
- C1-inhibitor treatment in patients with severe complement-mediated autoimmune hemolytic anemia.Blood advances · 2023Trial
- Clinical and laboratory features of autoimmune hemolytic anemia associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.American journal of hematology · 2019Trial
- Antibody-Dependent and Antibody-Independent Hemolysis in Sickle Cell Disease.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Case Report: Hepatitis and autoimmune hemolytic anemia induced by EBV-associated infectious mononucleosis.Frontiers in gastroenterology (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Nipocalimab, an immunoselective FcRn blocker that lowers IgG and has unique molecular properties.mAbs · 2025Article
- Bone marrow microenvironment in autoimmune hemolytic anemia: from trephine biopsy to single cell RNA sequencing.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Article
- Evaluating rilzabrutinib in the treatment of immune thrombocytopenia.Immunotherapy · 2025Review
- Content validity and meaningful change for the FACIT-Fatigue scale in warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia: results from qualitative interview studies with patients.Journal of patient-reported outcomes · 2025Observational
- Targeting the Neonatal Fc Receptor in Autoimmune Diseases: Pipeline and Progress.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2025Review
- Exploring Protein A Immunoadsorption for Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia with Hyper-IgG4emia.The American journal of case reports · 2025Article
- Cytopenias in Autoimmune Liver Diseases-A Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- A case of autoimmune haemolytic anaemia associated with mediastinal teratoma.Indian journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery · 2025Article
- Autoimmune neutropenia: a rare complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation?Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Article
- Case Report: Challenges in immunotherapy for the elderly: a case of refractory ICI-induced AIHA and thrombocytopenia in advanced gastric cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Review
- Clinical and laboratory profile of patients with positive direct antiglobulin test attended at a university hospital in Goias, Brazil.Hematology, transfusion and cell therapy · 2024Article
- Organizing Pneumonia in a Case of Cold Agglutinin Disease with Pulmonary Thrombosis.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2024Article
- Recombinant erythropoietin in autoimmune hemolytic anemia with inadequate bone marrow response: a prospective analysis.Blood advances · 2024Article
- Autoimmune Haemolytic Anaemia as a Rare and Potentially Serious Complication of Crohn's Disease in a 11-Year-Old Child-Case Report and Minireview.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is caused by the increased destruction of red blood cells (RBCs) by anti-RBC autoantibodies with or without complement activation. RBC destruction may occur both by a direct lysis through the sequential activation of the final components of the complement cascade (membrane attack complex), or by antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). The pathogenic role of autoantibodies depends on their class (the most frequent are IgG and IgM), subclass, thermal amplitude (warm and cold forms),as well as affinity and efficiency in activating complement. Several cytokines and cytotoxic mechanisms (CD8+ T and natural killer cells) are further involved in RBC destruction. Moreover, activated macrophages carrying Fc receptors may recognize and phagocyte erythrocytes opsonized by autoantibodies and complement. Direct complement-mediated lysis takes place mainly in the circulations and liver, whereas ADCC, cytotoxicity, and phagocytosis occur preferentially in the spleen and lymphoid organs. The degree of intravascular hemolysis is 10-fold greater than extravascular one. Finally, the efficacy of the erythroblastic compensatory response can greatly influence the clinical picture of AIHA. The interplay and relative burden of all these pathogenic mechanisms give reason for the great clinical heterogeneity of AIHAs, from fully compensated to rapidly evolving fatal cases.
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