Trial reportAnnals of neurology2016
Compensatory neural mechanisms in cognitively unimpaired Parkinson disease.
Trial report in Annals of neurology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A Comprehensive Meta-analysis on Short-term and Working Memory Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease.Neuropsychology review · 2021Pooled it
- Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Neurosurgery: a Systematic Literature Review Using Topic Modeling. Part II: Research Objectives and Perspectives.Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine · 2021Pooled it
- Imaging Cognitive Impairment and Impulse Control Disorders in Parkinson's Disease.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Pooled it
- Neuromodulation for restoring and amplifying brain function.Nature neuroscience · 2026Review
- Freezing of gait and the effects of vibrotactile cueing in Parkinson's disease-a study protocol of a cross-sectional multimodal brain imaging approach in virtual walking scenarios.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Dopaminergic modulation and dosage effects on brain state dynamics and working memory component processes in Parkinson's disease.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Impact of Acute Dopamine Replacement on Cognitive Function in Parkinson's Disease.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2024Article
- Clinical severity in Parkinson's disease is determined by decline in cortical compensation.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2024Article
- Neurostimulation for Advanced Parkinson Disease and Quality of Life at 5 Years: A Nonrandomized Controlled Trial.JAMA network open · 2024Observational
- Bradyphrenia and Tachyphrenia in Idiopathic Parkinsonism Appear, in Part, Iatrogenic: An Observational Study with Systematic Review Background.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- An Explainable Geometric-Weighted Graph Attention Network for Identifying Functional Networks Associated with Gait Impairment.Medical image computing and computer-assisted intervention : MICCAI ... International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention · 2023Article
- Temporal and spatial variability of dynamic microstate brain network in early Parkinson's disease.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2023Article
- Dopaminergic medication normalizes aberrant cognitive control circuit signalling in Parkinson's disease.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2022Article
- GaitForeMer: Self-Supervised Pre-Training of Transformers via Human Motion Forecasting for Few-Shot Gait Impairment Severity Estimation.Medical image computing and computer-assisted intervention : MICCAI ... International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention · 2022Article
- Neural correlates of extrinsic and intrinsic outcome processing during learning in individuals with TBI: a pilot investigation.Brain imaging and behavior · 2022Article
- Development and Co-design of NeuroOrb: A Novel "Serious Gaming" System Targeting Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Article
- Neural correlates of working memory and compensation at different stages of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2022Article
- Latent brain state dynamics and cognitive flexibility in older adults.Progress in neurobiology · 2022Article
- Dopamine effects on memory load and distraction during visuospatial working memory in cognitively normal Parkinson's disease.Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition · 2021Article
- Quantifying Parkinson's disease motor severity under uncertainty using MDS-UPDRS videos.Medical image analysis · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveCognitive impairments in Parkinson disease (PD) are thought to be caused in part by dopamine dysregulation. However, even when nigrostriatal dopamine neuron loss is severe enough to cause motor symptoms, many patients remain cognitively unimpaired. It is unclear what brain mechanisms allow these patients to remain cognitively unimpaired despite substantial dopamine dysregulation.
methodsThirty-one cognitively unimpaired PD participants off dopaminergic medications were scanned using functional magnetic resonance imaging while they performed a working memory task, along with 23 controls. We first compared the PD off medication (PD_OFF) group with controls to determine whether PD participants engage compensatory frontostriatal mechanisms during working memory. We then studied the same PD participants on dopaminergic medications to determine whether these compensatory brain changes are altered with dopamine.
resultsControls and PD showed working memory load-dependent activation in the bilateral putamen, anterior-dorsal insula, supplementary motor area, and anterior cingulate cortex. Compared to controls, PD_OFF showed compensatory hyperactivation of bilateral putamen and posterior insula, and machine learning algorithms identified robust differences in putamen activation patterns. Compared to PD_OFF, the PD on medication group showed reduced compensatory activation in the putamen. Loss of compensatory hyperactivation on dopaminergic medication correlated with slower performance on the working memory task and slower cognitive speed on the Symbol Digit Modality Test.
interpretationOur results provide novel evidence that PD patients maintain normal cognitive performance through compensatory hyperactivation of the putamen. Dopaminergic medication downregulates this hyperactivation, and the degree of downregulation predicts behavior. Identifying cognitive compensatory mechanisms in PD is important for understanding how some patients maintain intact cognitive performance despite nigrostriatal dopamine loss.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.