Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26696116›Full record

ArticleClinical oral investigations2016

Prevalence of Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis in caries-free and caries-active children in relation to the oral microbiota-a clinical study.

A Al-Ahmad, T M Auschill, R Dakhel, A Wittmer, K Pelz, C Heumann, E Hellwig, N B Arweiler

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Clinical oral investigations, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 31% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Influence of Filler Content and Polishing onThe Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2025
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  4. Interactions between non-Journal of oral microbiology · 2025
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  10. Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

A Al-AhmadDepartment of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Center for Dental Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany.
T M AuschillDepartment of Periodontology, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany.
R DakhelDepartment of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Center for Dental Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany.
A WittmerInstitute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany.
K PelzInstitute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany.
C HeumannDepartment of Statistics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.
E HellwigDepartment of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Center for Dental Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany.
N B ArweilerDepartment of Periodontology, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany. arweiler@med.uni-marburg.de.
University of Freiburg · DEInstitute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene · DEPhilipps University of Marburg · DELudwig-Maximilians-Universität München · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThe correlation between caries and the oral prevalence of Candida spp. in children is contradictory in literature. Thereby, authors focused on Candida albicans as the most isolated Candida species from the oral cavity. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare caries-free and caries-bearing children regarding their oral carriage of Candida spp. MATERIAL AND

methodsTwenty-six caries-free (CF group) and 26 caries-active children (CA group) were included into this study. Three different types of specimens were assessed, saliva and plaque, and in the case of caries, infected dentine samples were microbiologically analyzed for aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms and their counts. Special attention was given to the differentiation between C. albicans and Candida dubliniensis. Additionally, different biochemical tests, VITEK 2 (VITEK®2, bioMérieux, Marcy-l'Etoile, France) and 16S and 18S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequencing, were applied for identification.

resultsThe detection of C. albicans did not differ between the CF and CA groups. C. dubliniensis was never detected in any specimen of the CF group, but occurred in one quarter of the CA group (27 % in plaque, 23 % in saliva), thus leading to a statistically significant difference between the two groups (p < 0.05). In six of these cases, C. dubliniensis was detected concomitantly in saliva and plaque and once only in plaque. CA group harbored statistically more Streptococcus mutans than the control group revealing a correlation between S. mutans and C. dubliniensis regarding the caries group.

conclusionsThis is the first study reporting a frequent detection of C. dubliniensis in caries-active children, which could have been underestimated so far due to difficulties in differentiation between this yeast species and C. albicans. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Microbiological diagnostic-especially of oral Candida species-is an important determinant for identifying etiological factors of dental caries in children.

Indexed as

CandidaCandida albicansChildChild, PreschoolDental CariesDental PlaqueFemaleHumansInfantMaleMicrobiotaMouthPrevalenceSalivaCandida spp.Caries-free and caries-active childrenDifferentiationPrevalence

Identifiers

PMID26696116
OpenAlexW2235957791

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.