ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2016
Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations in Children Progressing to Autoimmunity and Clinical Type 1 Diabetes.
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Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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36citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vitamin D intakes and health outcomes in infants and preschool children: Summary of an evidence report.Annals of medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Vitamin D levels and risk of type 1 diabetes: A Mendelian randomization study.PLoS medicine · 2021Trial
- Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in childhood and risk of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes: the TRIGR nested case-control ancillary study.Diabetologia · 2020Trial
- A study of 25-(OH)DExperimental and therapeutic medicine · 2026Article
- Increased Levels of the Vitamin D Metabolite Ratio Are Protective Against Progression From Islet Autoimmunity to T1D.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
- Article
- Review
- Vitamin D supplementation in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM): a systematic review and meta-analysis focusing on pediatrics.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
- The pathophysiology, presentation and classification of Type 1 diabetes.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Review
- Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Vitamin D.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Dietary Components in the Pathogenesis and Prevention of Type 1 Diabetes in Children.Hormone research in paediatrics · 2025Review
- Novel Therapeutic Agents for Management of Diabetes Mellitus: A Hope for Drug Designing against Diabetes Mellitus.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Leptin and IGF-1 in Infancy Are Associated With Variants in DHCR7 and CYP2R1 That Relate With Type 1 Diabetes and 25OHD.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2023Article
- Vitamin D Repletion and AA/EPA Intake in Children with Type 1 Diabetes: Influences on Metabolic Status.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Seasonality in the manifestation of type 1 diabetes varies according to age at diagnosis in Finnish children.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2022Article
- The Multifactorial Progression from the Islet Autoimmunity to Type 1 Diabetes in Children.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Article
- A Triple Threat? The Role of Diet, Nutrition, and the Microbiota in T1D Pathogenesis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2021Review
- Vitamin D deficiency 2.0: an update on the current status worldwide.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2020Review
- Vitamin D and Immunity in Infants and Children.Nutrients · 2020Review
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Marjaana MäkinenMedicity (M.M., M.Ko., V.S.), Department of Pediatrics (M.M., J.M., M.Ko., J.T.), Immunogenetics Laboratory (J.I.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, and Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (O.S.), and Department of Physiology (J.T.), Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; Department of Pediatrics (R.V.), Research Unit for Pediatrics, Dermatology, Clinical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, FI 90014 Oulu, Finland; Department of Children and Adolescents (R.V.), Oulu University Hospital, FI 90029 Oulu, Finland; Department of Virology (H.H.), School of Medicine, University of Tampere, and Department of Pediatrics (M.Kn.), Tampere University Hospital, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland; Fimlab Laboratories (H.H.), Pirkanmaa Hospital District, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; Children's Hospital (M.Kn.), University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Research Programs Unit (M.Kn.), Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, and Folkhälsan Research Center (M.Kn.), FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland.
Juha MykkänenMedicity (M.M., M.Ko., V.S.), Department of Pediatrics (M.M., J.M., M.Ko., J.T.), Immunogenetics Laboratory (J.I.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, and Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (O.S.), and Department of Physiology (J.T.), Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; Department of Pediatrics (R.V.), Research Unit for Pediatrics, Dermatology, Clinical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, FI 90014 Oulu, Finland; Department of Children and Adolescents (R.V.), Oulu University Hospital, FI 90029 Oulu, Finland; Department of Virology (H.H.), School of Medicine, University of Tampere, and Department of Pediatrics (M.Kn.), Tampere University Hospital, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland; Fimlab Laboratories (H.H.), Pirkanmaa Hospital District, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; Children's Hospital (M.Kn.), University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Research Programs Unit (M.Kn.), Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, and Folkhälsan Research Center (M.Kn.), FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland.
Maarit KoskinenMedicity (M.M., M.Ko., V.S.), Department of Pediatrics (M.M., J.M., M.Ko., J.T.), Immunogenetics Laboratory (J.I.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, and Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (O.S.), and Department of Physiology (J.T.), Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; Department of Pediatrics (R.V.), Research Unit for Pediatrics, Dermatology, Clinical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, FI 90014 Oulu, Finland; Department of Children and Adolescents (R.V.), Oulu University Hospital, FI 90029 Oulu, Finland; Department of Virology (H.H.), School of Medicine, University of Tampere, and Department of Pediatrics (M.Kn.), Tampere University Hospital, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland; Fimlab Laboratories (H.H.), Pirkanmaa Hospital District, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; Children's Hospital (M.Kn.), University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Research Programs Unit (M.Kn.), Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, and Folkhälsan Research Center (M.Kn.), FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland.
Ville SimellMedicity (M.M., M.Ko., V.S.), Department of Pediatrics (M.M., J.M., M.Ko., J.T.), Immunogenetics Laboratory (J.I.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, and Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (O.S.), and Department of Physiology (J.T.), Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; Department of Pediatrics (R.V.), Research Unit for Pediatrics, Dermatology, Clinical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, FI 90014 Oulu, Finland; Department of Children and Adolescents (R.V.), Oulu University Hospital, FI 90029 Oulu, Finland; Department of Virology (H.H.), School of Medicine, University of Tampere, and Department of Pediatrics (M.Kn.), Tampere University Hospital, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland; Fimlab Laboratories (H.H.), Pirkanmaa Hospital District, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; Children's Hospital (M.Kn.), University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Research Programs Unit (M.Kn.), Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, and Folkhälsan Research Center (M.Kn.), FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland.
Riitta VeijolaMedicity (M.M., M.Ko., V.S.), Department of Pediatrics (M.M., J.M., M.Ko., J.T.), Immunogenetics Laboratory (J.I.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, and Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (O.S.), and Department of Physiology (J.T.), Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; Department of Pediatrics (R.V.), Research Unit for Pediatrics, Dermatology, Clinical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, FI 90014 Oulu, Finland; Department of Children and Adolescents (R.V.), Oulu University Hospital, FI 90029 Oulu, Finland; Department of Virology (H.H.), School of Medicine, University of Tampere, and Department of Pediatrics (M.Kn.), Tampere University Hospital, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland; Fimlab Laboratories (H.H.), Pirkanmaa Hospital District, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; Children's Hospital (M.Kn.), University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Research Programs Unit (M.Kn.), Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, and Folkhälsan Research Center (M.Kn.), FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland.
Heikki HyötyMedicity (M.M., M.Ko., V.S.), Department of Pediatrics (M.M., J.M., M.Ko., J.T.), Immunogenetics Laboratory (J.I.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, and Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (O.S.), and Department of Physiology (J.T.), Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; Department of Pediatrics (R.V.), Research Unit for Pediatrics, Dermatology, Clinical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, FI 90014 Oulu, Finland; Department of Children and Adolescents (R.V.), Oulu University Hospital, FI 90029 Oulu, Finland; Department of Virology (H.H.), School of Medicine, University of Tampere, and Department of Pediatrics (M.Kn.), Tampere University Hospital, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland; Fimlab Laboratories (H.H.), Pirkanmaa Hospital District, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; Children's Hospital (M.Kn.), University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Research Programs Unit (M.Kn.), Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, and Folkhälsan Research Center (M.Kn.), FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland.
Jorma IlonenMedicity (M.M., M.Ko., V.S.), Department of Pediatrics (M.M., J.M., M.Ko., J.T.), Immunogenetics Laboratory (J.I.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, and Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (O.S.), and Department of Physiology (J.T.), Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; Department of Pediatrics (R.V.), Research Unit for Pediatrics, Dermatology, Clinical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, FI 90014 Oulu, Finland; Department of Children and Adolescents (R.V.), Oulu University Hospital, FI 90029 Oulu, Finland; Department of Virology (H.H.), School of Medicine, University of Tampere, and Department of Pediatrics (M.Kn.), Tampere University Hospital, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland; Fimlab Laboratories (H.H.), Pirkanmaa Hospital District, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; Children's Hospital (M.Kn.), University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Research Programs Unit (M.Kn.), Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, and Folkhälsan Research Center (M.Kn.), FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland.
Mikael KnipMedicity (M.M., M.Ko., V.S.), Department of Pediatrics (M.M., J.M., M.Ko., J.T.), Immunogenetics Laboratory (J.I.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, and Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (O.S.), and Department of Physiology (J.T.), Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; Department of Pediatrics (R.V.), Research Unit for Pediatrics, Dermatology, Clinical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, FI 90014 Oulu, Finland; Department of Children and Adolescents (R.V.), Oulu University Hospital, FI 90029 Oulu, Finland; Department of Virology (H.H.), School of Medicine, University of Tampere, and Department of Pediatrics (M.Kn.), Tampere University Hospital, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland; Fimlab Laboratories (H.H.), Pirkanmaa Hospital District, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; Children's Hospital (M.Kn.), University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Research Programs Unit (M.Kn.), Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, and Folkhälsan Research Center (M.Kn.), FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland.
Olli SimellMedicity (M.M., M.Ko., V.S.), Department of Pediatrics (M.M., J.M., M.Ko., J.T.), Immunogenetics Laboratory (J.I.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, and Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (O.S.), and Department of Physiology (J.T.), Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; Department of Pediatrics (R.V.), Research Unit for Pediatrics, Dermatology, Clinical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, FI 90014 Oulu, Finland; Department of Children and Adolescents (R.V.), Oulu University Hospital, FI 90029 Oulu, Finland; Department of Virology (H.H.), School of Medicine, University of Tampere, and Department of Pediatrics (M.Kn.), Tampere University Hospital, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland; Fimlab Laboratories (H.H.), Pirkanmaa Hospital District, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; Children's Hospital (M.Kn.), University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Research Programs Unit (M.Kn.), Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, and Folkhälsan Research Center (M.Kn.), FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland.
Jorma ToppariMedicity (M.M., M.Ko., V.S.), Department of Pediatrics (M.M., J.M., M.Ko., J.T.), Immunogenetics Laboratory (J.I.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, and Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (O.S.), and Department of Physiology (J.T.), Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; Department of Pediatrics (R.V.), Research Unit for Pediatrics, Dermatology, Clinical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, FI 90014 Oulu, Finland; Department of Children and Adolescents (R.V.), Oulu University Hospital, FI 90029 Oulu, Finland; Department of Virology (H.H.), School of Medicine, University of Tampere, and Department of Pediatrics (M.Kn.), Tampere University Hospital, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland; Fimlab Laboratories (H.H.), Pirkanmaa Hospital District, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; Children's Hospital (M.Kn.), University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Research Programs Unit (M.Kn.), Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, and Folkhälsan Research Center (M.Kn.), FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland.
University of Turku · FIOulu University Hospital · FIPirkanmaa Hospital District · FITampere University · FI
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextThe role of vitamin D in the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains controversial.
objectiveThe objective of the investigation was to study whether there are detectable differences in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentrations between children who later progressed to T1D (cases) and matched children who remained nondiabetic and negative for islet autoantibodies (controls) when followed up from birth until disease onset.
designA total of 3702 prospective serum samples from 252 children were measured for 25(OH)D from the age of 3 months onward using an enzyme immunoassay. Differences between the groups were compared by the mixed-model analysis of variance.
settingT1D prediction and prevention study clinics in Turku, Oulu, and Tampere University Hospitals, Finland, participated in the study.
participantsBy the end of 2012, all 126 case children were diagnosed with T1D. The control children (n = 126) were matched for age, sex, study site, and human leukocyte antigen-HLA-DQ-conferred risk for T1D.
main outcome measureMedian circulating 25(OH)D concentration (nanomoles per liter) was measured.
resultsThe patterns of variation in circulating 25(OH)D concentrations were similar between cases and controls and did not correlate with the age at seroconversion to autoantibody positivity (P = .79) or disease onset (P = .13). The median concentration of all collected samples did not differ between case and control children (66.6 nmol/L [range 14.0-262.8] vs 67.4 nmol/L [range 19.9-213.0]) P = .56).
conclusionsThis study shows that serum 25(OH)D concentrations are not associated with the development of T1D in Finland.
Indexed as
AutoantibodiesAutoimmunityBody Mass IndexCase-Control StudiesChildChild, PreschoolDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Disease ProgressionFemaleFinlandHLA-DQ AntigensHumansHydroxycholecalciferolsInfantInfant, NewbornMaleAutoantibodiesHLA-DQ AntigensHydroxycholecalciferols
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