Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26695173›Full record

ReviewCurrent psychiatry reports2016

Agitation and Irritability in Alzheimer's Disease: Evidenced-Based Treatments and the Black-Box Warning.

Aaron M Koenig, Steven E Arnold, Joel E Streim

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Current psychiatry reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 22% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Glial Cells in Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Usability of Behavioural Recording Application (BRA) for Coping With Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia.Psychogeriatrics : the official journal of the Japanese Psychogeriatric Society · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Healthcare Resource Utilization Among Patients With Agitation in Alzheimer Dementia.Journal of health economics and outcomes research · 2024
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Aaron M KoenigDepartment of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. amkoenig@mgh.harvard.edu.
Steven E ArnoldMassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Boston, MA, USA.
Joel E StreimDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
MaineGeneral Medical Center · USMassachusetts General Hospital · USUniversity of Pennsylvania · US

Funding

Training Program in Psychiatric Genetics and Translational ResearchT32MH017119 · NIMH · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (SCH OF PUBLIC HLTH) · PI KARESTAN C KOENEN, Jukka-Pekka Onnela · 1985 to 2026
$8.9M
NIMH NIH HHS T32 MH017119NIMH NIH HHS T32 MH1711929
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

More than five million Americans suffer from Alzheimer's disease (AD), and this number is expected to triple by 2050. While impairments in cognition, particularly memory, are typically the defining features of the clinical syndrome, behavioral symptoms are extremely common, affecting up to 90% of patients. Behavioral symptoms in AD can be difficult to manage and may require a combination of non-pharmacological and pharmacological approaches. The latter is complicated by FDA "black-box warnings" for the medication classes most often used to target these symptoms, and currently there are initiatives in place to limit their use. In this review, we describe common behavioral symptoms of AD-with a particular focus on the challenging symptoms of "agitation" and "irritability"-and discuss evidence-based approaches to their management. Ultimately, multidimensional approaches must be tailored to the patient and their environment, though evidence-based practices should define the treatment of agitation and irritability in AD.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseBehavioral SymptomsPsychomotor AgitationBehavior ControlCognitionEvidence-Based PracticeHumansIrritable MoodPsychotropic DrugsPsychotropic DrugsAlzheimer’s diseaseBlack-box warningNeuropsychiatric symptomsNon-pharmacological approachesPharmacological approaches

Identifiers

PMID26695173
PMCPMC6483820
OpenAlexW2273100370

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.