ArticlePloS one2015
Synergistic Interactions of Eugenol-tosylate and Its Congeners with Fluconazole against Candida albicans.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed.
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- Natural compounds: a promising therapeutic option for managing colistin-resistant bacteria and improving colistin activity.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Syzygium aromaticum L. (Clove): A Comprehensive Reveiw of Its Ethnopharmacological Uses and Pharmacological Activities.Chinese journal of integrative medicine · 2026Review
- Ellagic Acid as a Promising Antifungal Agent: A Review of Mechanisms, Synergy, and Formulation Strategies.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Multifunctional Activity ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Lipid nanocarrier containing eugenol for denture hygiene: evaluation of efficacy against Candida biofilms.Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB · 2025Article
- Antibiotics-free compounds for managing carbapenem-resistant bacteria; a narrative review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Inhibitory effect of natural compounds on quorum sensing system inFrontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Fungicidal activity of human antimicrobial peptides and their synergistic interaction with common antifungals against multidrug-resistant Candida auris.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2023Article
- Bioprospective Role ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Reversal of Azole Resistance inBiomedicines · 2023Article
- Synergistic potential of teriflunomide with fluconazole against resistantFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Cellular apoptosis and cell cycle arrest as potential therapeutic targets for eugenol derivatives in Candida auris.PloS one · 2023Article
- A semi purified hydroalcoholic fraction fromFrontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Molecular Mapping of Antifungal Mechanisms Accessing Biomaterials and New Agents to Target Oral Candidiasis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Triazole Derivatives Target 14α-Demethylase (LDM) Enzyme inJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Antifungal Activity of Human Cathelicidin LL-37, a Membrane Disrupting Peptide, by Triggering Oxidative Stress and Cell Cycle Arrest inJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Eugenol: A novel therapeutic agent for the inhibition ofFrontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Natural Compounds: A Hopeful Promise as an Antibiofilm Agent AgainstFrontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles UsingBiology · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We previously reported the antifungal properties of a monoterpene phenol "Eugenol" against different Candida strains and have observed that the addition of methyl group to eugenol drastically increased its antimicrobial potency. Based on the results and the importance of medicinal synthetic chemistry, we synthesized eugenol-tosylate and its congeners (E1-E6) and tested their antifungal activity against different clinical fluconazole (FLC)- susceptible and FLC- resistant C. albicans isolates alone and in combination with FLC by determining fractional inhibitory concentration indices (FICIs) and isobolograms calculated from microdilution assays. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) results confirmed that all the tested C. albicans strains were variably susceptible to the semi-synthetic derivatives E1-E6, with MIC values ranging from 1-62 μg/ml. The test compounds in combination with FLC exhibited either synergy (36%), additive (41%) or indifferent (23%) interactions, however, no antagonistic interactions were observed. The MICs of FLC decreased 2-9 fold when used in combination with the test compounds. Like their precursor eugenol, all the derivatives showed significant impairment of ergosterol biosynthesis in all C. albicans strains coupled with down regulation of the important ergosterol biosynthesis pathway gene-ERG11. The results were further validated by docking studies, which revealed that the inhibitors snugly fitting the active site of the target enzyme, mimicking fluconazole, may well explain their excellent inhibitory activity. Our results suggest that these compounds have a great potential as antifungals, which can be used as chemosensitizing agents with the known antifungal drugs.
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