SynthesisInternational journal of environmental research and public health2015
Effectiveness of Interventions to Reduce Tobacco Smoke Pollution in Homes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effectiveness of Smoke-Free Home-based Interventions in Reducing Second-Hand Smoke Exposure in Children and Adults: A Systematic Review.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2025Pooled it
- The Effectiveness of Smoking Cessation Interventions Tailored to Smoking Parents of Children Aged 0-18 Years: A Meta-Analysis.European addiction research · 2021Pooled it
- Systematic Review of Behaviour Change Techniques within Interventions to Reduce Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure for Children.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Pooled it
- Effectiveness of Interventions to Reduce Exposure to Parental Secondhand Smoke at Home among Children in China: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Pooled it
- Effectiveness of Caregiver Interventions to Reduce Household Secondhand Smoke Exposure on Pediatric Asthma Outcomes: A Systematic Review.Pediatric allergy, immunology, and pulmonologyPooled it
- Babies Living Safe and Smokefree (BLiSS) Intervention Reduces Children's Tobacco Smoke Exposure Directly and Indirectly by Improving Maternal Smokers' Urge Management Skills and Exposure Protection Behaviors.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Trial
- The Effect of Adult Smoking Behavior on Children's Exposure to Secondhand Smoke. An Analysis Based on Salivary Cotinine Levels Among Children in Dhaka and Karachi.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024Trial
- Multilevel Intervention for Low-Income Maternal Smokers in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC).American journal of public health · 2022Trial
- Indoor Environmental Factors May Modify the Response to Mouse Allergen Reduction Among Mouse-Sensitized and Exposed Children with Persistent Asthma.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2021Trial
- Randomised pilot trial of cash incentives for reducing paediatric asthmatic tobacco smoke exposures from maternal caregivers and members of their social network.Archives of disease in childhood · 2021Trial
- Randomised controlled trial of real-time feedback and brief coaching to reduce indoor smoking.Tobacco control · 2020Trial
- Long-term Results From the FRESH RCT: Sustained Reduction of Children's Tobacco Smoke Exposure.American journal of preventive medicine · 2020Trial
- Children Learning About Secondhand Smoke (CLASS II): A Pilot Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2019Trial
- Cost-effectiveness of a complex intervention to reduce children's exposure to second-hand smoke in the home.BMC public health · 2018Trial
- Randomized Trial to Reduce Air Particle Levels in Homes of Smokers and Children.American journal of preventive medicine · 2018Trial
- A randomised controlled trial of a complex intervention to reduce children's exposure to secondhand smoke in the home.Tobacco control · 2018Trial
- The impact of multiple interventions to reduce household exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke among women: a cluster randomized controlled trial in Kalutara district, Sri Lanka.BMC public health · 2017Trial
- mHealth Intervention is Effective in Creating Smoke-Free Homes for Newborns: A Randomized Controlled Trial Study in China.Scientific reports · 2017Trial
- Minimal intervention delivered by 2-1-1 information and referral specialists promotes smoke-free homes among 2-1-1 callers: a Texas generalisation trial.Tobacco control · 2016Trial
- Secondhand smoke exposure at home and its association with tobacco use among adolescents in Saudi Arabia: findings from the 2022 global youth tobacco survey.BMC public health · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionSmoke-free homes can help protect children from tobacco smoke exposure (TSE). The objective of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis to quantify effects of interventions on changes in tobacco smoke pollution in the home, as measured by air nicotine and particulate matter (PM).
methodsWe searched MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Embase. We included controlled trials of interventions which aimed to help parents protect children from tobacco smoke exposure. Two reviewers identified relevant studies, and three reviewers extracted data.
resultsSeven studies were identified. Interventions improved tobacco smoke air pollution in homes as assessed by nicotine or PM. (6 studies, N = 681, p = 0.02). Analyses of air nicotine and PM separately also showed some benefit (Air nicotine: 4 studies, N = 421, p = 0.08; PM: 3 studies, N = 340, p = 0.02). Despite improvements, tobacco smoke pollution was present in homes in all studies at follow-up.
conclusionsInterventions designed to protect children from tobacco smoke are effective in reducing tobacco smoke pollution (as assessed by air nicotine or PM) in homes, but contamination remains. The persistence of significant pollution levels in homes after individual level intervention may signal the need for other population and regulatory measures to help reduce and eliminate childhood tobacco smoke exposure.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.