ArticleDental press journal of orthodontics
Effect of Clark's twin-block appliance (CTB) and non-extraction fixed mechano-therapy on the pharyngeal dimensions of growing children.
Article in Dental press journal of orthodontics. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cephalometric changes in pharyngeal airway dimensions after functional treatment with twin block versus myobrace appliances in developing skeletal class II patients: a randomized clinical trial.BMC oral health · 2023Trial
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- Article
- Changes in the Upper Airway Dimension Following the Use of Functional Appliances in Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Comparison between twin block appliance and mandibular advancement on clear aligners in the improvement of airway dimension: incremental versus maximum bite advancement.Frontiers in oral health · 2024Article
- Evaluation and quantification of airway changes in Class II division 1 patients undergoing myofunctional therapy using twin block appliance.Medical journal, Armed Forces India · 2021Article
- Orthopedic Treatment for Class II Malocclusion with Functional Appliances and Its Effect on Upper Airways: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Review
- Changes in Upper Airway Dimensions Following Orthodontic Treatment of Skeletal Class II Malocclusion with Twin Block Appliance: A Systematic Review.Turkish journal of orthodontics · 2020Review
- Evaluation of changes in the upper airway after Twin Block treatment in patients with Class II malocclusion.Clinical and experimental dental research · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionNarrow airway dimensions due to mandibular deficiency can predispose an individual to severe respiratory distress. Hence, treatment with mandibular advancement devices at an early age might help improving the pharyngeal passage and reduce the risk of respiratory difficulties. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to evaluate the mean changes in the pharyngeal dimensions of children with mandibular deficiency treated with Clark's twin-block appliance (CTB) followed by fixed orthodontic treatment.
methodsOrthodontic records of 42 children with mandibular deficiency were selected. Records comprised three lateral cephalograms taken at the start of CTB treatment, after CTB removal and at the end of fixed appliance treatment, and were compared with 32 controls from the Bolton-Brush study. Friedman test was used to compare pre-treatment, mid-treatment and post-treatment pharyngeal dimensions. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare the airway between pre-treatment and post follow-up controls. Mann-Whitney U test was applied to compare the mean changes in pharyngeal dimensions between treatment group and controls from T2 to T0. Post-hoc Dunnet T3 test was used for multiple comparisons of treatment outcomes after CTB and fixed appliances, taking a p-value of ≤ 0.05 as statistically significant.
resultsSuperior pharyngeal space (p < 0.001) and upper airway thickness (p = 0.035) were significantly increased after CTB, and the change in superior pharyngeal space remained stable after fixed mechano-therapy.
conclusionCTB can have a positive effect in improving pharyngeal space and the resultant increase in airway remains stable on an average of two and a half years.
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