Trial reportPloS one2015
Genetic Diversity of Cryptosporidium in Children in an Urban Informal Settlement of Nairobi, Kenya.
Trial report in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anthroponotic transmission of Cryptosporidium parvum predominates in countries with poorer sanitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Parasites & vectors · 2019Pooled it
- Prevalence of Cryptosporidium, microsporidia and Isospora infection in HIV-infected people: a global systematic review and meta-analysis.Parasites & vectors · 2018Pooled it
- Genotypic characterization ofFood and waterborne parasitology · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Molecular Characterization ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Risk Factors of Waterborne and Foodborne Protozoan Pathogens in Kenya: A One Health Perspective.China CDC weekly · 2025Article
- Risk Factors and Circulating Subtypes ofMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Genetic diversity ofCurrent research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2025Article
- Molecular characterization and zoonotic risk assessment ofOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2024Article
- Genetic diversity ofJournal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology · 2022Article
- Transmission of Cryptosporidium Species Among Human and Animal Local Contact Networks in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Multicountry Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
- Molecular Characterisation ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Molecular Epidemiology of Human Cryptosporidiosis in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2021Review
- Review
- Clinical, environmental, and behavioral characteristics associated with Cryptosporidium infection among children with moderate-to-severe diarrhea in rural western Kenya, 2008-2012: The Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS).PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2018Observational
- Pathogens transmitted in animal feces in low- and middle-income countries.International journal of hygiene and environmental health · 2018Review
- First detection of Cryptosporidium DNA in blood and cerebrospinal fluid of HIV-infected patients.Parasitology research · 2018Article
- Lateral Flow Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Test with Stem Primers: Detection ofJournal of tropical medicine · 2018Article
- Cryptosporidium and Giardia in Africa: current and future challenges.Parasites & vectors · 2017Review
- Pediatric cryptosporidiosis: An evaluation of health care and societal costs in Peru, Bangladesh and Kenya.PloS one · 2017Article
- Prevalence ofBioMed research international · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionGlobally Cryptosporidium and Giardia species are the most common non-bacterial causes of diarrhoea in children and HIV infected individuals, yet data on their role in paediatric diarrhoea in Kenya remains scant. This study investigated the occurrence of Cryptosporidium species, genotypes and subtypes in children, both hospitalized and living in an informal settlement in Nairobi.
methodsThis was a prospective cross-sectional study in which faecal specimen positive for Cryptosporidium spp. by microscopy from HIV infected and uninfected children aged five years and below presenting with diarrhoea at selected outpatient clinics in Mukuru informal settlements, or admitted to the paediatric ward at the Mbagathi District Hospital were characterized. The analysis was done by Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) of the 18srRNA gene for species identification and PCR-sequencing of the 60 kDa glycoprotein (GP60) gene for subtyping.
resultsC. hominis was the most common species of Cryptosporidium identified in125/151(82.8%) of the children. Other species identified were C. parvum 18/151(11.9%), while C. felis and C. meleagridis were identified in 4 and 2 children, respectively. Wide genetic variation was observed within C. hominis, with identification of 5 subtype families; Ia, Ib, Id, Ie and If and 21 subtypes. Only subtype family IIc was identified within C. parvum. There was no association between species and HIV status or patient type.
conclusionC. hominis is the most common species associated with diarrhoea in the study population. There was high genetic variability in the C. hominis isolates with 22 different subtypes identified, whereas genetic diversity was low within C. parvum with only one subtype family IIc identified.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.