ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2015
Heavy Metals and Human Health: Mechanistic Insight into Toxicity and Counter Defense System of Antioxidants.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 302 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
302 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,186 citations in OpenAlex.
- Heavy metal content of over-the-counter toothpastes-a systematic review ofFrontiers in dental medicine · 2025Pooled it
- A Systematic Review on Metal Dynamics and Marine Toxicity Risk Assessment Using Crustaceans as Bioindicators.Biological trace element research · 2022Pooled it
- Heavy metal profile of surface and ground water samples from the Niger Delta region of Nigeria: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Environmental monitoring and assessment · 2021Pooled it
- Correlation between lead exposure and cognitive function in 12-year-old children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021Pooled it
- Association Between Trace Mineral Concentrations and Oxidative Stress in Children with ADHD Supplemented with Multinutrients.Biological trace element research · 2026Trial
- Identifying dietary sources and patterns of exposure to toxic metals and other trace elements in Swedish toddlers and young children.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026Article
- Analysis of Ni, Cu, and Fe in Loose Cosmetic Products: A Preliminary Dermal Exposure and Health Risk Assessment.Toxics · 2026Article
- Essential and Potentially Toxic Elements in Commercial Milk Formulas: Health Risk Assessment Through a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Biological trace element research · 2026Review
- Heavy metal toxicity as a driver of endoplasmic reticulum stress and dysfunction.The FEBS journal · 2026Review
- Interactive Effects of Heavy Metals and Co-Occurring Abiotic Stresses in Plants: Shared Response Mechanisms and Mitigation Approaches.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Joint Associations of Prenatal Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Metal Mixtures with Adiposity in Childhood and Adolescence.Environmental science & technology · 2026Article
- Chronic REM Sleep Deprivation Induces Metabolic and Neurotoxic Alterations Associated with Affective and Cognitive Deficit in Male Wistar Rats: Involvement of HPA Axis, Cholinergic, Inflammatory, and Oxidative Stress Pathways.Neurochemical research · 2026Article
- Associations of mid-childhood per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and early childhood metals with mid-childhood antibody titers.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2026Article
- Rapid and Accurate ED-XRF Quantification of Trace Arsenic in Rice-Based Foods Employing ANNs to Resolve Lead Spectral Interference.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Prenatal urinary biomarkers of metal and metalloid exposure and child neurodevelopmental outcomes in Puerto Rico.Environmental research · 2026Article
- Development and Application of Nanostructured MnMicromachines · 2026Article
- Genomic and structural elucidation of multi-heavy metal tolerance in the p-nitrophenol-degrading bacterium Pseudomonas asiatica strain PNPG3.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Molecular networks and signaling pathways governing abiotic stress tolerance in cotton: advances and perspectives.Functional & integrative genomics · 2026Review
- A toxic burden in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province: elevated heavy metal concentrations in sanitation workers.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Structural analysis of bacterial metallothioneins involved in heavy metal detoxification.Bioinformation · 2026Article
242 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Heavy metals, which have widespread environmental distribution and originate from natural and anthropogenic sources, are common environmental pollutants. In recent decades, their contamination has increased dramatically because of continuous discharge in sewage and untreated industrial effluents. Because they are non-degradable, they persist in the environment; accordingly, they have received a great deal of attention owing to their potential health and environmental risks. Although the toxic effects of metals depend on the forms and routes of exposure, interruptions of intracellular homeostasis include damage to lipids, proteins, enzymes and DNA via the production of free radicals. Following exposure to heavy metals, their metabolism and subsequent excretion from the body depends on the presence of antioxidants (glutathione, α-tocopherol, ascorbate, etc.) associated with the quenching of free radicals by suspending the activity of enzymes (catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase). Therefore, this review was written to provide a deep understanding of the mechanisms involved in eliciting their toxicity in order to highlight the necessity for development of strategies to decrease exposure to these metals, as well as to identify substances that contribute significantly to overcome their hazardous effects within the body of living organisms.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.