ArticleEuropean journal of clinical pharmacology2016
Non-response to (statin) therapy: the importance of distinguishing non-responders from non-adherers in pharmacogenetic studies.
Article in European journal of clinical pharmacology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review of the evidence on the cost-effectiveness of pharmacogenomics-guided treatment for cardiovascular diseases.Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics · 2020Pooled it
- The potential benefit of statin prescription based on prediction of treatment responsiveness in older individuals: an application to the PROSPER randomized controlled trial.European journal of preventive cardiology · 2024Trial
- Factors Associated With Enhanced Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Lowering With Bempedoic Acid.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2022Trial
- Artichoke and Bergamot Phytosome Alliance: A Randomized Double Blind Clinical Trial in Mild Hypercholesterolemia.Nutrients · 2021Trial
- Interindividual Variation in Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Level Reduction With Evolocumab: An Analysis of FOURIER Trial Data.JAMA cardiology · 2019Trial
- Associations of coffee, alcohol, medication and supplement use with the metabolome and lipidome: an observational study of premenopausal women.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2026Observational
- A virus-like particle-based bivalent PCSK9 vaccine lowers LDL-cholesterol levels in non-human primates.NPJ vaccines · 2023Article
- Approach to the Patient With a Suboptimal Statin Response: Causes and Algorithm for Clinical Management.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2023Review
- Vitamin D level regulates serum lipids discrepantly in adults with and without dyslipidemia.Endocrine connections · 2023Article
- Novel LDLR Variant in Familial Hypercholesterolemia: NGS-Based Identification, In Silico Characterization, and Pharmacogenetic Insights.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Uncovering Predictors of Lipid Goal Attainment in Type 2 Diabetes Outpatients Using Logic Learning Machine: Insights from the AMD Annals and AMD Artificial Intelligence Study Group.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- A Virus-like particle-based bivalent PCSK9 vaccine lowers LDL-cholesterol levels in Non-Human Primates.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Bioaccumulation and biotransformation of simvastatin in probiotic bacteria: A step towards better understanding of drug-bile acids-microbiome interactions.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Effectiveness and safety of PCSK9 inhibitors in real-world clinical practice. An observational multicentre study. The IRIS-PCSK9I study.Atherosclerosis plus · 2021Article
- GENetic characteristics and REsponse to lipid-lowering therapy in familial hypercholesterolemia: GENRE-FH study.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Assessment of the 1% of Patients with Consistent < 15% Reduction in Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol: Pooled Analysis of 10 Phase 3 ODYSSEY Alirocumab Trials.Cardiovascular drugs and therapy · 2018Article
- Efficacy of low- and moderate-intensity statins for achieving low- density lipoprotein cholesterol targets in Thai type 2 diabetic patients.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2017Article
- Applying metabolomics to cardiometabolic intervention studies and trials: past experiences and a roadmap for the future.International journal of epidemiology · 2016Review
- What are the benefits and drawbacks of statins in carotid artery disease? A perspective review.Expert review of cardiovascular therapyReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeIn pharmacogenetic research, genetic variation in non-responders and high responders is compared with the aim to identify the genetic loci responsible for this variation in response. However, an important question is whether the non-responders are truly biologically non-responsive or actually non-adherent? Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe, within the PROspective Study of Pravastatin in the Elderly at Risk (PROSPER), characteristics of both non-responders and high responders of statin treatment in order to possibly discriminate non-responders from non-adherers.
methodsBaseline characteristics of non-responders to statin therapy (≤10 % LDL-C reduction) were compared with those of high responders (>40 % LDL-C reduction) through a linear regression analysis. In addition, pharmacogenetic candidate gene analysis was performed to show the effect of excluding non-responders from the analysis.
resultsNon-responders to statin therapy were younger (p = 0.001), more often smoked (p < 0.001), had a higher alcohol consumption (p < 0.001), had lower LDL cholesterol levels (p < 0.001), had a lower prevalence of hypertension (p < 0.001), and had lower cognitive function (p = 0.035) compared to subjects who highly responded to pravastatin treatment. Moreover, excluding non-responders from pharmacogenetic studies yielded more robust results, as standard errors decreased.
conclusionOur results suggest that non-responders to statin therapy are more likely to actually be non-adherers, since they have more characteristics that are viewed as indicators of high self-perceived health and low disease awareness, possibly making the subjects less adherent to study medication. We suggest that in pharmacogenetic research, extreme non-responders should be excluded to overcome the problem that non-adherence is investigated instead of non-responsiveness.
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