Observational studyBMJ open2015
Impact of a combined community and primary care prevention strategy on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: a cohort analysis based on 1 million person-years of follow-up in Västerbotten County, Sweden, during 1990-2006.
Observational study in BMJ open, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07157813 (Improving Lifestyle Habits and Metabolic Health in Forensic Psychiatric Patients), which is not on this map. Cited by 54 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Improving Lifestyle Habits and Metabolic Health in Forensic Psychiatric Patients
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The Swedish model of health dialogues, a combined individual- and community-based primary preventive program for cardiovascular disease, is associated with reduced mortality: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Trial
- Function-based risk reduction intervention for lifestyle-related disorders among inactive 40-year-old people: a pilot randomised controlled trial.BMC public health · 2024Trial
- Effectiveness of the population-based 'check your health preventive programme' conducted in a primary care setting: a pragmatic randomised controlled trial.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2022Trial
- A health dialogue intervention reduces cardiovascular risk factor levels: a population based randomised controlled trial in Swedish primary care setting with 1-year follow-up.BMC public health · 2017Trial
- AI-Assisted Carotid Ultrasound for Nonexpert Use in Primary Care Cardiovascular Prevention: User-Centered Iterative Development Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Time for Change: Strengthening Early Detection and Intervention Strategies to Improve Cardiovascular Health in Canada.CJC open · 2026Review
- Nurses' experiences with cardiovascular risk communication and lifestyle counselling during preventive dialogues in primary care: a qualitative interview study.BMC primary care · 2026Article
- Evaluation after delayed and repeated intervention in the VIPVIZA-extended randomized controlled trial: beneficial results 6 years after baseline.European heart journal open · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular risk assessment with SCORE2 and targeted health dialogues in primary care patients with mental illness.PloS one · 2026Article
- Behavior change beyond intervention: an activity-theoretical perspective on human-centered design of personal health technology.Frontiers in digital health · 2026Article
- Socio-geographical disparities in cardiometabolic multimorbidity in Sweden: an Intersectional Multilevel Analysis of Individual Heterogeneity and Discriminatory Accuracy (I-MAIHDA).International journal for equity in health · 2025Article
- Long-term Major Adverse Cardiac Event Prediction by Computed Tomography-derived Plaque Measures and Clinical Parameters Using Machine Learning.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2025Article
- Health determinants among participants in targeted health dialogues offered to all 40-year-old individuals in a metropolitan region of 1.4 million people.Scandinavian journal of primary health care · 2025Observational
- Exploring the link between self-rated poor oral health and cardiovascular risk: a cross-sectional study using SCORE2.BMC oral health · 2025Observational
- ABO and RhD blood groups as contributors to dyslipidaemia - a cross-sectional study.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
- Participatory design and evaluation of digital coaching for improving health-the star multicomponent lifestyle intervention.Frontiers in digital health · 2025Article
- Responsible design of an AI system for health behavior change-an ethics perspective on the participatory design process of the STAR-C digital coach.Frontiers in digital health · 2025Article
- Nursing students' self-efficacy in lifestyle counselling: Associations with learning methods.PloS one · 2025Article
- Cohort Profile: The Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study (NSHDS).International journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the impact of the Västerbotten Intervention Programme (VIP) by comparing all eligible individuals (target group impact) according to the intention-to-treat principle and VIP participants with the general Swedish population.
designDynamic cohort study. SETTING/
participantsAll individuals aged 40, 50 or 60 years, residing in Västerbotten County, Sweden, between 1990 and 2006 (N=101,918) were followed from their first opportunity to participate in the VIP until age 75, study end point or prior death.
interventionThe VIP is a systematic, long-term, county-wide cardiovascular disease (CVD) intervention that is performed within the primary healthcare setting and combines individual and population approaches. The core component is a health dialogue based on a physical examination and a comprehensive questionnaire at the ages of 40, 50 and 60 years. PRIMARY OUTCOMES: All-cause and CVD mortality.
resultsFor the target group, there were 5646 deaths observed over 1,054,607 person-years. Compared to Sweden at large, the standardised all-cause mortality ratio was 90.6% (95% CI 88.2% to 93.0%): for women 87.9% (95% CI 84.1% to 91.7%) and for men 92.2% (95% CI 89.2% to 95.3%). For CVD, the ratio was 95.0% (95% CI 90.7% to 99.4%): for women 90.4% (95% CI 82.6% to 98.7%) and for men 96.8% (95% CI 91.7 to 102.0). For participants, subject to further impact as well as selection, when compared to Sweden at large, the standardised all-cause mortality ratio was 66.3% (95% CI 63.7% to 69.0%), whereas the CVD ratio was 68.9% (95% CI 64.2% to 73.9%). For the target group as well as for the participants, standardised mortality ratios for all-cause mortality were reduced within all educational strata.
conclusionsThe study suggests that the VIP model of CVD prevention is able to impact on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality when evaluated according to the intention-to-treat principle.
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