ArticleInternational journal of ophthalmology2015
Changes in vitreous VEGF, bFGF and fibrosis in proliferative diabetic retinopathy after intravitreal bevacizumab.
Article in International journal of ophthalmology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents as an adjunct for proliferative diabetic retinopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Pooled it
- Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for proliferative diabetic retinopathy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Prophylactic intravitreal injection of aflibercept for preventing postvitrectomy hemorrhage in proliferative diabetic retinopathy: A randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in public health · 2022Trial
- Analysis of cytokines in the aqueous humor during intravitreal Ranibizumab treatment of diabetic macular edema.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- An APE1 Redox Inhibitor Attenuates Pathological Retinal Vascularization by Suppressing FGF2 Angiogenic Signaling.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Molecular stress and neurovascular injury in the diabetic retina.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Human Antigen R -mediated modulation of Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 expression in retinal pathological milieu.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2024Article
- Effects of aflibercept and bevacizumab on cell viability, cell metabolism and inflammation in hypoxic human Müller cells.PloS one · 2024Article
- Anti-vascular endothelial growth factors in combination with vitrectomy for complications of proliferative diabetic retinopathy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Review
- Changes in the vitreous body after experimental vitreous hemorrhage in rabbit: An interdisciplinary study.PloS one · 2023Article
- Effect of a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor nintedanib on bFGF and VEGF concentrations in a rabbit retinal vein occlusion model.International journal of ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Upregulation of Neuroinflammatory Protein Biomarkers in Acute Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachments.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Changes in aqueous and vitreous inflammatory cytokine levels in proliferative diabetic retinopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Eye (London, England) · 2022Review
- Comparison of before versus after intravitreal bevacizumab injection, growth factor levels and fibrotic markers in vitreous samples from patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2022Article
- Optimal timing of preoperative intravitreal anti-VEGF injection for proliferative diabetic retinopathy patients.International journal of ophthalmology · 2022Article
- Mechanistic Pathogenesis of Endothelial Dysfunction in Diabetic Nephropathy and Retinopathy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Article
- Microvascular Structure Changes After Intravitreal Ranibizumab Injection in Retinal Vein Occlusion Patients With and Without Macular Ischemia.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Article
- Clinical effect of conbercept on improving diabetic macular ischemia by OCT angiography.BMC ophthalmology · 2020Article
- Periostin and tenascin-C interaction promotes angiogenesis in ischemic proliferative retinopathy.Scientific reports · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimTo evaluate the relationship between intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) treatment and the levels of vitreous vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and vitreous-retina surface fibrosis in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).
methodsThis study was a prospective, open-label, controlled, randomized clinical trial. Sixty-eight eyes of PDR patients (n=53) and macular hole patients (n=15) were enrolled in this study. Thirty-four eyes of the PDR patients received IVB before vitrectomy. Twenty-three of the 34 PDR patients received IVB treatment 5d before vitrectomy (subgroup a), and 11 of the 34 PDR patients received IVB treatment greater than 2wk prior to vitrectomy (subgroup b). Nineteen of the PDR patients did not receive IVB treatment at any time prior to vitrectomy. The levels of bFGF and VEGF in vitreous samples were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the degree of vitreoretinal fibrosis was characterized using clinical data and data obtained intra-operatively.
resultsIn PDR patients, VEGF and bFGF levels were significantly increased compared to non-PDR (control) subject's eyes (P<0.01). In PDR patients, vitreous VEGF levels were significantly decreased following IVB treatment compared to PDR patients that did not receive IVB treatment (P<0.01). The degree of vitreoretinal fibrosis was significantly increased in subgroup b compared to subgroup a(P<0.05) and to patients that did not receive IVB (P<0.05). Vitreous bFGF levels were significantly greater in subgroup b than subgroup a (P<0.01) or in patients who did not receive IVB treatment (P<0.05). A Spearman's rank correlation test indicated that higher levels of vitreous bFGF, but not VEGF, correlated with the degree of vitreoretinal fibrosis.
conclusionWe found that bFGF levels increase in PDR patient's vitreous after IVB treatment longer than two weeks prior to vitrectomy and correlated with the degree of fibrosis after IVB treatment. These findings suggest vitreous fibrosis is increased in PDR patients after IVB treatment may be due to increased levels of bFGF.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.