ArticleNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco2016
"My First Thought was Croutons": Perceptions of Cigarettes and Cigarette Smoke Constituents Among Adult Smokers and Nonsmokers.
Article in Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- How people think about the chemicals in cigarette smoke: a systematic review.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2017Pooled it
- Youth and adult understanding of public displays of information about harmful constituents in cigarette smoke.Preventive medicine · 2023Trial
- Effect of Cigarette Constituent Messages With Engagement Text on Intention to Quit Smoking Among Adults Who Smoke Cigarettes: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2021Trial
- Communicating about chemicals in cigarette smoke: impact on knowledge and misunderstanding.Tobacco control · 2020Trial
- Cigarette pack messages about toxic chemicals: a randomised clinical trial.Tobacco control · 2019Trial
- Reactance to Health Warnings Scale: Development and Validation.Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2016Trial
- Developing messages to encourage healthy, sustainable dietary substitutions: A qualitative study with US emerging adults.Appetite · 2024Article
- The Dilemma of Correcting Nicotine Misperceptions: Nicotine Replacement Therapy versus Electronic Cigarettes.Health communication · 2021Article
- Design cues for tobacco communication: Heuristic interpretations and usability of online health information about harmful chemicals.International journal of medical informatics · 2020Article
- The Potential of Phytochemicals in Oral Cancer Prevention and Therapy: A Review of the Evidence.Biomolecules · 2020Review
- Research on Youth and Young Adult Tobacco Use, 2013-2018, From the Food and Drug Administration-National Institutes of Health Tobacco Centers of Regulatory Science.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020Review
- Public Understanding of Cigarette Smoke Chemicals: Longitudinal Study of US Adults and Adolescents.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020Article
- An Eye Tracking Study of Anti-Smoking Messages on Toxic Chemicals in Cigarettes.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- Biological and Functional Changes in Healthy Adult Smokers Who Are Continuously Abstinent From Smoking for One Year: Protocol for a Prospective, Observational, Multicenter Cohort Study.JMIR research protocols · 2019Article
- Developing a Point-of-Sale Health Communication Campaign for Cigarillos and Waterpipe Tobacco.Health communication · 2019Article
- Conversations about pictorial cigarette pack warnings: Theoretical mechanisms of influence.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2018Article
- Effective Message Elements for Disclosures About Chemicals in Cigarette Smoke.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2018Article
- Increasing Effectiveness of Messages about Chemicals in Cigarette Smoke.Tobacco regulatory science · 2018Article
- Smokers' unprompted comments on cigarette additives during conversations about the genetic basis for nicotine addiction: a focus group study.BMC public health · 2018Article
- Effective Formats for Communicating Risks from Cigarette Smoke Chemicals.Tobacco regulatory science · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionUnderstanding what people think about harmful and potentially harmful constituents in cigarettes and cigarette smoke has new urgency given legislation requiring US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to disclose constituent information. Our study sought to obtain qualitative information on what people think about these constituents and the language they use to talk about them.
methodsWe conducted six focus groups in 2014 with 40 adults in North Carolina. Open-ended questions focused on cigarette and cigarette smoke constituents in general and on the 18 constituents on the FDA's abbreviated list. We coded the transcripts for emergent themes, and all four coders discussed themes until we reached consensus.
resultsParticipants knew that cigarette smoke contains chemicals but did not know how many chemicals nor what those chemicals are, beyond tar and nicotine. Dangers of constituents mentioned included "chemicals," physical disease, and addiction. Participants incorrectly believed harmful constituents came primarily from tobacco companies' additives. For unfamiliar constituents, people tried to make associations based on similar-sounding words. Recognizable constituents that participants associated with health harms most discouraged them from wanting to smoke. Most participants wanted to know health harms associated with constituents and what else the chemicals were in.
conclusionsParticipants showed enthusiasm for learning more information about constituents, and also showed substantial misunderstandings about the source of harmful constituents. Our findings contribute to the limited body of research on adults' knowledge and perceptions of cigarette smoke constituents and can aid the FDA as it plans to disclose constituent information to the public. IMPLICATIONS: Our study provides information about adults' understanding of cigarette smoke constituents and what adults would like to know about these constituents. This information can help communication campaigns describe cigarette smoke constituents in a way that discourages people from wanting to smoke.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.