Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26681765›Full record

ArticleNeuro-oncology2016

Marizomib activity as a single agent in malignant gliomas: ability to cross the blood-brain barrier.

Kaijun Di, G Kenneth Lloyd, Vivek Abraham, Ann MacLaren, Francis J Burrows, Annick Desjardins, Mohit Trikha, Daniela A Bota

Registry-linked trialOpen access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Neuro-oncology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03727841 (Phase II Clinical Trial of Marizomib for Recurrent Low-Grade and Anaplastic Supratentorial, Infratentorial and Spinal Cord Ependymoma), which is not on this map. Cited by 87 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
87citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.1field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03727841 phase2terminatednot on this mapstarted 2020, after this paper: background citation

Phase II Clinical Trial of Marizomib for Recurrent Low-Grade and Anaplastic Supratentorial, Infratentorial and Spinal Cord Ependymoma

TypeinterventionalSponsorNational Cancer Institute (NCI)Ran2020 to 2021Enrolled4ConditionsAnaplastic Ependymoma, Ependymoma, EpendymomasArmsMarizomib
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

87 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 138 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Preclinical evaluation of ixazomib for high-risk pediatric brain tumors.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
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  10. Targeting ubiquitination in disease and therapy.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025
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  14. Exploring theAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025
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27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Kaijun DiUniversity of California, Irvine, California (K.D., V.A., D.A.B.); Triphase Accelerator Corporation, San Diego, California (G.K.L., A.M., F.J.B, M.T.); The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (A.D.).
G Kenneth LloydUniversity of California, Irvine, California (K.D., V.A., D.A.B.); Triphase Accelerator Corporation, San Diego, California (G.K.L., A.M., F.J.B, M.T.); The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (A.D.).
Vivek AbrahamUniversity of California, Irvine, California (K.D., V.A., D.A.B.); Triphase Accelerator Corporation, San Diego, California (G.K.L., A.M., F.J.B, M.T.); The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (A.D.).
Ann MacLarenUniversity of California, Irvine, California (K.D., V.A., D.A.B.); Triphase Accelerator Corporation, San Diego, California (G.K.L., A.M., F.J.B, M.T.); The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (A.D.).
Francis J BurrowsUniversity of California, Irvine, California (K.D., V.A., D.A.B.); Triphase Accelerator Corporation, San Diego, California (G.K.L., A.M., F.J.B, M.T.); The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (A.D.).
Annick DesjardinsUniversity of California, Irvine, California (K.D., V.A., D.A.B.); Triphase Accelerator Corporation, San Diego, California (G.K.L., A.M., F.J.B, M.T.); The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (A.D.).
Mohit TrikhaUniversity of California, Irvine, California (K.D., V.A., D.A.B.); Triphase Accelerator Corporation, San Diego, California (G.K.L., A.M., F.J.B, M.T.); The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (A.D.).
Daniela A BotaUniversity of California, Irvine, California (K.D., V.A., D.A.B.); Triphase Accelerator Corporation, San Diego, California (G.K.L., A.M., F.J.B, M.T.); The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (A.D.).
Duke University Hospital · USPediatric Brain Tumor Foundation · USUniversity of California, Irvine · USDuke Medical Center · US

Funding

Univ.of Calif., Irvine Cancer Center Support GrantP30CA062203 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI Christine Hui · 1994 to 2026
$57.9M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA062203
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe proteasome plays a vital role in the physiology of glioblastoma (GBM), and proteasome inhibition can be used as a strategy for treating GBM. Marizomib is a second-generation, irreversible proteasome inhibitor with a more lipophilic structure that suggests the potential for penetrating the blood-brain barrier. While bortezomib and carfilzomib, the 2 proteasome inhibitors approved for treatment of multiple myeloma, have little activity against malignant gliomas in vivo, marizomib could be a novel therapeutic strategy for primary brain tumors.

methodsThe in-vitro antitumor activity of marizomib was studied in glioma cell lines U-251 and D-54. The ability of marizomib to cross the blood-brain barrier and regulate proteasome activities was evaluated in cynomolgus monkeys and rats. The antitumor effect of marizomib in vivo was tested in an orthotopic xenograft model of human GBM.

resultsMarizomib inhibited the proteasome activity, proliferation, and invasion of glioma cells. Meanwhile, free radical production and apoptosis induced by marizomib could be blocked by antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine. In animal studies, marizomib distributed into the brain at 30% of blood levels in rats and significantly inhibited (>30%) baseline chymotrypsin-like proteasome activity in brain tissue of monkeys. Encouragingly, the immunocompromised mice, intracranially implanted with glioma xenografts, survived significantly longer than the control animals (P < .05) when treated with marizomib.

conclusionsThese preclinical studies demonstrated that marizomib can cross the blood-brain barrier and inhibit proteasome activity in rodent and nonhuman primate brain and elicit a significant antitumor effect in a rodent intracranial model of malignant glioma.

Indexed as

AnimalsApoptosisBlood-Brain BarrierCell Line, TumorDisease Models, AnimalGliomaLactonesMice, Inbred BALB CMice, NudeProteasome InhibitorsPyrrolesLactonesmarizomibProteasome InhibitorsPyrrolesblood-brain barrierchymotrypsin-likemalignant gliomamarizomibproteasome inhibition

Identifiers

PMID26681765
PMCPMC4864261
OpenAlexW2236313888

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.