ReviewCurrent opinion in HIV and AIDS2016
Immune activation and paediatric HIV-1 disease outcome.
Review in Current opinion in HIV and AIDS, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effect of the Timing of Antiretroviral Treatment Initiation on Outcomes in Children Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Admitted With Severe Acute Malnutrition.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2021Trial
- Association Between Chronic Inflammation, Bone Density, and Muscle in Peripubertal Adolescents With and Without HIV in Zimbabwe: A Cross-sectional Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Cancer in children living with HIV: challenges and perspectives in the antiretroviral therapy era.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2025Article
- Tissue-Specific DNA Methylation Changes in CD8Viruses · 2024Article
- Plasma galectin-9 relates to cognitive performance and inflammation among adolescents with vertically acquired HIV.AIDS (London, England) · 2024Article
- Opportunistic Infections in HIV Positive Children from North East India.Indian journal of pediatrics · 2023Article
- Persistent immune activation and altered gut integrity over time in a longitudinal study of Ugandan youth with perinatally acquired HIV.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Observational
- Characterization of the Viral Reservoirs Among HIV-1 Non-B Vertically Infected Adolescents Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy: Protocol for an Observational and Comparative Study in Cameroon.JMIR research protocols · 2022Article
- Post-Infectious Autoimmunity in the Central (CNS) and Peripheral (PNS) Nervous Systems: An African Perspective.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Immunopathogenesis in HIV-associated pediatric tuberculosis.Pediatric research · 2022Review
- Comparative Transcriptional Analysis Identified Characteristic Genes and Patterns in HIV-Infected Immunological Non-Responders.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- The within-host fitness of HIV-1 increases with age in ART-naïve HIV-1 subtype C infected children.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Innate Lymphoid Cell Activation and Sustained Depletion in Blood and Tissue of Children Infected with HIV from Birth Despite Antiretroviral Therapy.Cell reports · 2020Article
- BCG Vaccination and Mother-to-Infant Transmission of HIV.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Increased Expression on Innate Immune Factors in Placentas From HIV-Infected Mothers Concurs With Dampened Systemic Immune Activation.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Early antiretroviral therapy in neonates with HIV-1 infection restricts viral reservoir size and induces a distinct innate immune profile.Science translational medicine · 2019Article
- Article
- Viral Characteristics Associated with Maintenance of Elite Neutralizing Activity in Chronically HIV-1 Clade C-Infected Monozygotic Pediatric Twins.Journal of virology · 2019Article
- Immune Activation, Inflammation, and Non-AIDS Co-Morbidities in HIV-Infected Patients under Long-Term ART.Viruses · 2019Review
- Increased Regulatory T-Cell Activity and Enhanced T-Cell Homeostatic Signaling in Slow Progressing HIV-infected Children.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purpose of reviewThe paediatric HIV epidemic is changing. Over the past decade, new infections have substantially reduced, whereas access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) has increased. Overall this success means that numbers of children living with HIV are climbing. In addition, the problems observed in adult infection resulting from chronic inflammation triggered by persistent immune activation even following ART mediated suppression of viral replication are magnified in children infected from birth. RECENT
findingsFeatures of immune ontogeny favour low immune activation in early life, whereas specific aspects of paediatric HIV infection tend to increase it. A subset of ART-naïve nonprogressing children exists in whom normal CD4 cell counts are maintained in the setting of persistent high viremia and yet in the context of low immune activation. This sooty mangabey-like phenotype contrasts with nonprogressing adult infection which is characterized by the expression of protective HLA class I molecules and low viral load. The particular factors contributing to raised or lowered immune activation in paediatric infection, which ultimately influence disease outcome, are discussed. SUMMARY: Novel strategies to circumvent the unwanted long-term consequences of HIV infection may be possible in children in whom natural immune ontogeny in early life militates against immune activation. Defining the mechanisms underlying low immune activation in natural HIV infection would have applications beyond paediatric HIV.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.