ArticleScientific reports2015
GC-elements controlling HRAS transcription form i-motif structures unfolded by heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein particle A1.
Article in Scientific reports, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Unraveling G-Quadruplex and i-Motif Coexistence Within a Double-Stranded DNA.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
- APE1 binds and processes abasic sites present in i-motif DNA and cooperates with PCBP1 in maintenance of telomeric stability.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- The cellular landscape of i-motifs: genomic insights, methodological challenges, and the road ahead.Genome biology · 2026Review
- Mechanistic insights into PCBP1-driven unfolding of selected i-motif DNA at GNature communications · 2026Article
- i-motifs: DNA structures with regulatory functions and therapeutic potential.Einstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2026Review
- How DNA secondary structures drive replication fork instability.DNA repair · 2025Review
- Twisting tetraplex DNA: A strand dynamics regulating i-motif function in diverse molecular crowding environments.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Modulation of Nrf2 expression by targeting i-motif DNA.Communications chemistry · 2025Article
- Profiling of i-motif-binding proteins reveals functional roles of nucleolin in regulation of high-order DNA structures.Nucleic acids research · 2024Article
- Human genomic DNA is widely interspersed with i-motif structures.The EMBO journal · 2024Article
- Decoding complexity in biomolecular recognition of DNA i-motifs with microarrays.Nucleic acids research · 2023Article
- Replication-induced DNA secondary structures drive fork uncoupling and breakage.The EMBO journal · 2023Article
- Genome-wide mapping of i-motifs reveals their association with transcription regulation in live human cells.Nucleic acids research · 2023Article
- Theranostic approach to specifically targeting the interloop region of BCL2 i-motif DNA by crystal violet.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Crystal Structure of an i-Motif from the HRAS Oncogene Promoter.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2023Article
- Emerging roles of i-motif in gene expression and disease treatment.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- hnRNP A1 in RNA metabolism regulation and as a potential therapeutic target.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- AC-motif: a DNA motif containing adenine and cytosine repeat plays a role in gene regulation.Nucleic acids research · 2021Article
- Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein E1 binds polycytosine DNA and monitors genome integrity.Life science alliance · 2021Article
- Secondary structural choice of DNA and RNA associated with CGG/CCG trinucleotide repeat expansion rationalizes the RNA misprocessing in FXTAS.Scientific reports · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
HRAS is regulated by two neighbouring quadruplex-forming GC-elements (hras-1 and hras-2), located upstream of the major transcription start sites (doi: 10.1093/nar/gku 5784). In this study we demonstrate that the C-rich strands of hras-1 and hras-2 fold into i-motif conformations (iMs) characterized under crowding conditions (PEG-300, 40% w/v) by semi-transitions at pH 6.3 and 6.7, respectively. Nondenaturing PAGE shows that the HRAS C-rich sequences migrate at both pH 5 and 7 as folded intramolecular structures. Chromatin immunoprecipitation shows that hnRNP A1 is associated under in vivo conditions to the GC-elements, while EMSA proves that hnRNP A1 binds tightly to the iMs. FRET and CD show that hnRNP A1 unfolds the iM structures upon binding. Furthermore, when hnRNP A1 is knocked out in T24 bladder cancer cells by a specific shRNA, the HRAS transcript level drops to 44 ± 5% of the control, suggesting that hnRNP A1 is necessary for gene activation. The sequestration by decoy oligonucleotides of the proteins (hnRNP A1 and others) binding to the HRAS iMs causes a significant inhibition of HRAS transcription. All these outcomes suggest that HRAS is regulated by a G-quadruplex/i-motif switch interacting with proteins that recognize non B-DNA conformations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.