Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26673516›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR2015

Galectin-3 Immunohistochemical Expression in Thyroid Neoplasms.

B S Sumana, Sampangiram Shashidhar, A S Shivarudrappa

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07064369 (Observational Study on the Clinical, Laboratory, Anatomopathological, and Molecular Characteristics and Their Prognostic and Predictive Value in Patients With Thyroid Tumors Treated at the Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCCS.), which is not on this map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
1.7field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07064369 enrolling by invitationnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Observational Study on the Clinical, Laboratory, Anatomopathological, and Molecular Characteristics and Their Prognostic and Predictive Value in Patients With Thyroid Tumors Treated at the Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCCS.

TypeobservationalSponsorFondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCSRan2025 to 2029Enrolled100ConditionsCarcinoma of Head/Neck
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

B S SumanaAssociate Professor, Department of Pathology, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre , Bengaluru, India .
Sampangiram ShashidharConsultant Pathologist, Clumax Diagnostics , Indiranagar, Bengaluru, India .
A S ShivarudrappaProfessor, Department of Pathology, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre , Bengaluru, India .
Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute · IN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGalectin-3 has been implicated in the regulation of cellular growth, differentiation and malignant transformation in various organs including thyroid gland. It has been extensively studied as an immunohistochemical (IHC) marker in thyroid malignancy.

aimTo evaluate the diagnostic role of Galectin-3 (Gal-3) in differentiating malignant from benign thyroid neoplasm. MATERIALS AND

methodsIn this observational study we evaluated Gal-3 expression in a spectrum of malignant (30) and benign (20) thyroid neoplasms. The final common diagnosis arrived at after histopathologic evaluation of H&E stained sections by two pathologist's was considered the gold standard. The malignant neoplasms included Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC), Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma (FTC), Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma (MTC), insular carcinoma, Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma (ATC), and metastatic carcinoma. The benign neoplasms included Follicular Adenoma (FA), Hurthle cell adenoma and hyalinizing trabecular adenoma. IHC staining for Gal-3 was performed for all neoplasms with the polymeric method using lyophilized mouse monoclonal antibody. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Statistical analysis was done using 2x2 contingency table. Chi-square test with Yates correction was used to calculate p-value to ascertain statistical significance.

resultsGal-3 expression was significantly higher in malignant thyroid neoplasms as compared to benign neoplasms (p<0.0001). Gal-3 expression in differentiating malignant from benign neoplasms was found to have sensitivity of 86%, specificity of 85%, positive predictive value of 89.66% and negative predictive value of 80.95%. However, no statistical significance was observed (p=0.4718) when comparing PTC and other malignant lesions in terms of Gal-3 expression. Gal- 3 expression in PTC was found to have sensitivity of 91.3%, specificity of 85%, positive predictive value of 87.5% and negative predictive value of 89.47%.

conclusionDiffuse and strong IHC staining for Gal-3 differentiates malignant from benign tumours. This marker can assist in the diagnosis of thyroid neoplasms with equivocal morphologic features. This study highlights the high sensitivity of Gal-3 for PTC.

Indexed as

HistopathologyImmunostainingThyroid tumours

Identifiers

PMID26673516
PMCPMC4668414
OpenAlexW2196931470

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.