Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26671955›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2015

Inequalities in physical comorbidity: a longitudinal comparative cohort study of people with severe mental illness in the UK.

Siobhan Reilly, Ivan Olier, Claire Planner, Tim Doran, David Reeves, Darren M Ashcroft, Linda Gask, Evangelos Kontopantelis

Open access · goldAbstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 84 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
84citing papers in PubMed, 9 pooled it
3.9field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

84 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 152 citations in OpenAlex.

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  5. Collaborative care approaches for people with severe mental illness.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024
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  18. Mental health and kidney disease.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2026
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24 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Siobhan ReillyDivision of Health Research, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.
Ivan OlierManchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Claire PlannerNIHR School for Primary Care Research, Centre for Primary Care, Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Tim DoranDepartment of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK.
David ReevesCentre for Biostatistics, Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Darren M AshcroftCentre for Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, Manchester Pharmacy School, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Linda GaskNIHR School for Primary Care Research, Centre for Primary Care, Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Evangelos KontopantelisNIHR School for Primary Care Research, Centre for Primary Care, Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK Centre for Health Informatics, Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
University of Manchester · GBManchester Academic Health Science Centre · GBLancaster University · GBUniversity of York · GB

Funding

Medical Research Council MC_PC_13042Medical Research Council MR/K006665/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesLittle is known about the prevalence of comorbidity rates in people with severe mental illness (SMI) in UK primary care. We calculated the prevalence of SMI by UK country, English region and deprivation quintile, antipsychotic and antidepressant medication prescription rates for people with SMI, and prevalence rates of common comorbidities in people with SMI compared with people without SMI.

designRetrospective cohort study from 2000 to 2012.

setting627 general practices contributing to the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, a UK primary care database.

participantsEach identified case (346,551) was matched for age, sex and general practice with 5 randomly selected control cases (1,732,755) with no diagnosis of SMI in each yearly time point. OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalence rates were calculated for 16 conditions.

resultsSMI rates were highest in Scotland and in more deprived areas. Rates increased in England, Wales and Northern Ireland over time, with the largest increase in Northern Ireland (0.48% in 2000/2001 to 0.69% in 2011/2012). Annual prevalence rates of all conditions were higher in people with SMI compared with those without SMI. The discrepancy between the prevalence of those with and without SMI increased over time for most conditions. A greater increase in the mean number of additional conditions was observed in the SMI population over the study period (0.6 in 2000/2001 to 1.0 in 2011/2012) compared with those without SMI (0.5 in 2000/2001 to 0.6 in 2011/2012). For both groups, most conditions were more prevalent in more deprived areas, whereas for the SMI group conditions such as hypothyroidism, chronic kidney disease and cancer were more prevalent in more affluent areas.

conclusionsOur findings highlight the health inequalities faced by people with SMI. The provision of appropriate timely health prevention, promotion and monitoring activities to reduce these health inequalities are needed, especially in deprived areas.

Indexed as

Health Status DisparitiesAdultAgedComorbidityDatabases, FactualFemaleHumansHypothyroidismLongitudinal StudiesMaleMental DisordersMiddle AgedNeoplasmsPrimary Health CareRenal Insufficiency, ChronicRetrospective StudiescomorbidityEPIDEMIOLOGYMENTAL HEALTHphysical healthsevere mental illness

Identifiers

PMID26671955
PMCPMC4679912
OpenAlexW2257678086

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.