ArticleScientific reports2015
GFP-complementation assay to detect functional CPP and protein delivery into living cells.
Article in Scientific reports, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed.
- Protein Modifications for Cellular Protein Delivery.Chemical reviews · 2026Review
- Membrane-Traversing Peptides: Mechanistic Landscapes, Assays, and Applications.Chemical reviews · 2026Review
- Nucleolaron1511 and Nucleolaron1510 Facilitate Effective Intracellular Delivery of Azami Green Protein in HeLa Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Intensity modulation of trichromatic split fluorescent proteins for live cell mapping.Cell reports methods · 2026Article
- Review
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based Quantification of Endosomal Escape Using Iron Oxide Nanoparticle-Loaded Lipid Nanoparticles.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Article
- siRNA-Mimetic Ratiometric pH (sMiRpH) Probes for Improving Cell Delivery and mRNA Knockdown.ACS chemical biology · 2025Article
- Quantitative analysis of electroporation-mediated intracellular delivery via bioorthogonal luminescent reaction.Communications chemistry · 2024Article
- Recent advances in methods for quantifying the cell penetration of macromolecules.Current opinion in chemical biology · 2024Review
- Achieving Endo/Lysosomal Escape Using Smart Nanosystems for Efficient Cellular Delivery.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Comparing Cell Penetration of Biotherapeutics across Human Cell Lines.ACS chemical biology · 2024Article
- Plasma membrane damage limits cytoplasmic delivery by conventional cell penetrating peptides.PloS one · 2024Article
- Delivered complementation in planta (DCIP) enables measurement of peptide-mediated protein delivery efficiency in plants.Communications biology · 2023Article
- Ratiometric, pH-Sensitive Probe for Monitoring siRNA Delivery.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2023Article
- Assessing the Cellular Uptake, Endosomal Escape, and Cytosolic Entry Efficiencies of Cyclic Peptides.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Article
- A reversible cell penetrating peptide-cargo linkage allows dissection of cell penetrating peptide- and cargo-dependent effects on internalization and identifies new functionalities of putative endolytic peptides.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Evaluating Endosomal Escape of Caspase-3-Containing Nanomaterials Using Split GFP.Biomacromolecules · 2021Article
- Tracking exogenous intracellular casp-3 using split GFP.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2021Article
- A critical analysis of methods used to investigate the cellular uptake and subcellular localization of RNA therapeutics.Nucleic acids research · 2020Review
- In Vitro Assays: Friends or Foes of Cell-Penetrating Peptides.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Efficient cargo uptake is essential for cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) therapeutics, which deliver widely diverse cargoes by exploiting natural cell processes to penetrate the cell's membranes. Yet most current CPP activity assays are hampered by limitations in assessing uptake, including confounding effects of conjugated fluorophores or ligands, indirect read-outs requiring secondary processing, and difficulty in discriminating internalization from endosomally trapped cargo. Split-complementation Endosomal Escape (SEE) provides the first direct assay visualizing true cytoplasmic-delivery of proteins at biologically relevant concentrations. The SEE assay has minimal background, is amenable to high-throughput processes, and adaptable to different transient and stable cell lines. This split-GFP-based platform can be useful to study transduction mechanisms, cellular imaging, and characterizing novel CPPs as pharmaceutical delivery agents in the treatment of disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.