ArticleAutophagy2016
Autophagy is essential for ultrafine particle-induced inflammation and mucus hyperproduction in airway epithelium.
Article in Autophagy, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 70 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 174 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of environmentally persistent free radical (EPFR) formation, characteristics, and health effects: are there sufficient data for risk assessment?Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part B, Critical reviews · 2026Pooled it
- The interplay between oxidative stress and autophagy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Pooled it
- Micro- and Nanoplastics and the Oral Cavity: Implications for Oral and Systemic Health, Dental Practice, and the Environment-A Narrative Review.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2025Review
- Prenatal exposure to air pollution affects autophagy, senescence and remodelling proteins in cord blood.ERJ open research · 2025Article
- Particulate Matter Exposure and Viral Infections: Relevance to Highly Polluted Settings such as Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.Current environmental health reports · 2025Review
- Transcytosis as a Mechanism of HIV-1 Entry into Columnar Epithelial Explants of the Female Reproductive Tract.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2025Article
- Article
- Pathological Mechanisms of Particulate Matter-Mediated Ocular Disorders: A Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- PMInternational journal of medical sciences · 2024Article
- Inhalation exposure-induced toxicity and disease mediated via mTOR dysregulation.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2024Review
- Coexpression analysis of lncRNAs and mRNAs identifies potential regulatory long noncoding RNAs involved in the inflammatory effects of lipopolysaccharide on bovine mammary epithelial cells.BMC veterinary research · 2023Article
- Pathogenesis and treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis from the perspective of sinonasal epithelial dysfunction.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Review
- Irisin Ameliorates PM2.5-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Regulation of Autophagy Through AMPK/mTOR Pathway.Journal of inflammation research · 2023Article
- Cirsilineol Treatment Attenuates PMInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Involvement of autophagy in exacerbation of eosinophilic airway inflammation in a murine model of obese asthma.Autophagy · 2022Article
- Article
- Neutrophil extracellular traps-triggered impaired autophagic flux via METTL3 underlies sepsis-associated acute lung injury.Cell death discovery · 2022Article
- Particulate matter in COPD pathogenesis: an overview.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2022Review
- Autophagy in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2022Article
- Increased alveolar epithelial TRAF6 via autophagy-dependent TRIM37 degradation mediates particulate matter-induced lung metastasis.Autophagy · 2022Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedCorrigendum.2019
Authors and funding
16 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Environmental ultrafine particulate matter (PM) is capable of inducing airway injury, while the detailed molecular mechanisms remain largely unclear. Here, we demonstrate pivotal roles of autophagy in regulation of inflammation and mucus hyperproduction induced by PM containing environmentally persistent free radicals in human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells and in mouse airways. PM was endocytosed by HBE cells and simultaneously triggered autophagosomes, which then engulfed the invading particles to form amphisomes and subsequent autolysosomes. Genetic blockage of autophagy markedly reduced PM-induced expression of inflammatory cytokines, e.g. IL8 and IL6, and MUC5AC in HBE cells. Mice with impaired autophagy due to knockdown of autophagy-related gene Becn1 or Lc3b displayed significantly reduced airway inflammation and mucus hyperproduction in response to PM exposure in vivo. Interference of the autophagic flux by lysosomal inhibition resulted in accumulated autophagosomes/amphisomes, and intriguingly, this process significantly aggravated the IL8 production through NFKB1, and markedly attenuated MUC5AC expression via activator protein 1. These data indicate that autophagy is required for PM-induced airway epithelial injury, and that inhibition of autophagy exerts therapeutic benefits for PM-induced airway inflammation and mucus hyperproduction, although they are differentially orchestrated by the autophagic flux.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.