ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2015
African Swine Fever in Uganda: Qualitative Evaluation of Three Surveillance Methods with Implications for Other Resource-Poor Settings.
Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Spatial Patterns and Epidemiological Drivers of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Outbreaks in Uganda.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- The Complexities of African Swine Fever Diagnosis and Control in the Developing World: A Narrative Review Focused on Ghana.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Review
- Spatiotemporal Distribution and Risk Factors of African Swine Fever Outbreak Cases in Uganda for the Period 2010-2023.Viruses · 2025Review
- African Swine Fever Diagnosis in Africa: Challenges and Opportunities.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Understanding Smallholder Pigkeepers' Awareness and Perceptions of African Swine Fever and Its Control Measures in Ukraine.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Diverging Discourses: Animal Health Challenges and Veterinary Care in Northern Uganda.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Article
- African swine fever in the northern regions of Cameroon: seroprevalence survey and spatiotemporal analysis of outbreaks from 2010 to 2017.Tropical animal health and production · 2021Article
- Spatial-Temporal Movements of Free Ranging Pigs at the Wildlife-Livestock Interface of Murchison Falls National Park, Uganda: Potential of Disease Control at a Local Scale.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2021Article
- Prevention and Control of African Swine Fever in the Smallholder Pig Value Chain in Northern Uganda: Thematic Analysis of Stakeholders' Perceptions.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2021Article
- Article
- Access to veterinary services and expenditure on pig health management: the case of smallholder pig farmers in Northern Uganda.Tropical animal health and production · 2020Article
- Genetic Analysis of African Swine Fever Virus From the 2018 Outbreak in South-Eastern Burundi.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2020Article
- Smallholders' perceptions on biosecurity and disease control in relation to African swine fever in an endemically infected area in Northern Uganda.BMC veterinary research · 2019Article
- Contribution of market value chain to the control of African swine fever in Zambia.Tropical animal health and production · 2018Article
- Performance of a Mobile Phone App-Based Participatory Syndromic Surveillance System for Acute Febrile Illness and Acute Gastroenteritis in Rural Guatemala.Journal of medical Internet research · 2017Article
- African swine fever outbreak on a medium-sized farm in Uganda: biosecurity breaches and within-farm virus contamination.Tropical animal health and production · 2017Article
- Evidence for the presence of African swine fever virus in an endemic region of Western Kenya in the absence of any reported outbreak.BMC veterinary research · 2016Article
- Wild and Domestic Pig Interactions at the Wildlife-Livestock Interface of Murchison Falls National Park, Uganda, and the Potential Association with African Swine Fever Outbreaks.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2016Article
- Simulation of Spread of African Swine Fever, Including the Effects of Residues from Dead Animals.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Animal diseases impact negatively on households and on national economies. In low-income countries, this pertains especially to socio-economic effects on household level. To control animal diseases and mitigate their impact, it is necessary to understand the epidemiology of the disease in its local context. Such understanding, gained through disease surveillance, is often lacking in resource-poor settings. Alternative surveillance methods have been developed to overcome some of the hurdles obstructing surveillance. The objective of this study was to evaluate and qualitatively compare three methods for surveillance of acute infectious diseases using African swine fever in northern Uganda as an example. Report-driven outbreak investigations, participatory rural appraisals (PRAs), and a household survey using a smartphone application were evaluated. All three methods had good disease-detecting capacity, and each of them detected many more outbreaks compared to those reported to the World Organization for Animal Health during the same time period. Apparent mortality rates were similar for the three methods although highest for the report-driven outbreak investigations, followed by the PRAs, and then the household survey. The three methods have different characteristics and the method of choice will depend on the surveillance objective. The optimal situation might be achieved by a combination of the methods: outbreak detection via smartphone-based real-time surveillance, outbreak investigation for collection of biological samples, and a PRA for a better understanding of the epidemiology of the specific outbreak. All three methods require initial investments and continuous efforts. The sustainability of the surveillance system should, therefore, be carefully evaluated before making such investments.
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