ReviewJournal of ophthalmology2015
Palmitoylethanolamide, a Natural Retinoprotectant: Its Putative Relevance for the Treatment of Glaucoma and Diabetic Retinopathy.
Review in Journal of ophthalmology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- The endocannabinoid system and ophthalmic pathologies: a review of molecular mechanisms and its implications for clinical practice.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Palmitoylethanolamide, an endogenous fatty acid amide, and its pleiotropic health benefits: A narrative review.Journal of biomedical research · 2024Article
- Effect of the Mediterranean Diet (MeDi) on the Progression of Retinal Disease: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Pharmaceutical Approaches to Normal Tension Glaucoma.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Alterations in Faecal and Serum Metabolic Profiles in Patients with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Effect of palmitoylethanolamide on degeneration of a human-derived retinal pigment epithelial cell induced by all-trans retinal.International journal of ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Dietary supplements in retinal diseases, glaucoma, and other ocular conditions.Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene · 2022Review
- Cannabinoids in Glaucoma Patients: The Never-Ending Story.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Review
- PPARα Agonist Oral Therapy in Diabetic Retinopathy.Biomedicines · 2020Review
- Review
- Pathogenic Role of PPARα Downregulation in Corneal Nerve Degeneration and Impaired Corneal Sensitivity in Diabetes.Diabetes · 2020Article
- PPARα-Dependent Effects of Palmitoylethanolamide Against Retinal Neovascularization and Fibrosis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2020Article
- Neuroprotective agents in the management of glaucoma.Eye (London, England) · 2018Review
- The retinoprotective role of phenytoin.Drug design, development and therapy · 2018Review
- Fundamentals of and Critical Issues in Lipid Autacoid Medicine: A Review.Pain and therapy · 2017Review
- Resolvins and aliamides: lipid autacoids in ophthalmology - what promise do they hold?Drug design, development and therapy · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Retinopathy is a threat to the eyesight, and glaucoma and diabetes are the main causes for the damage of retinal cells. Recent insights pointed out a common pathogenetic pathway for both disorders, based on chronic inflammation. Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is an endogenous cell protective lipid. Since its discovery in 1957 as a biologically active component in foods and in many living organisms, around 500 scientific papers have been published on PEA's anti-inflammatory and neuron-protective properties. PEA has been evaluated for glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and uveitis, pathological states based on chronic inflammation, respiratory disorders, and various pain syndromes in a number of clinical trials since the 70s of 20th century. PEA is available as a food supplement (PeaPure) and as diet food for medical purposes in Italy (Normast, PeaVera, and Visimast). These products are notified in Italy for the nutritional support in glaucoma and neuroinflammation. PEA has been tested in at least 9 double blind placebo controlled studies, among which two studies were in glaucoma, and found to be safe and effective up to 1.8 g/day, with excellent tolerability. PEA therefore holds a promise in the treatment of a number of retinopathies. We discuss PEA as a putative anti-inflammatory and retinoprotectant compound in the treatment of retinopathies, especially related to glaucoma and diabetes.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.