ArticleIranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR2015
Development and Evaluation of Thymol Microparticles Using Cellulose Derivatives as Controlled Release Dosage form.
Article in Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Leciplex Nanocarriers: An Optimized Platform for Thymol Delivery in Acne Management.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Wound-Healing Effects of Birch Bark and Propolis Extracts on Epidermolysis Bullosa Keratinocytes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Sustainable Applications of Thymol: Advances in Formulation Technologies, Drug Delivery Systems, and Food Preservation Strategies.Food science & nutrition · 2026Review
- Phytochemistry and Bioactivities of Thymol and Carvacrol: Molecular Pathways, Metabolism, and Therapeutic Insights.Food science & nutrition · 2026Review
- Sustainable thymol-based formulations with amoxicillin andFrontiers in chemistry · 2026Article
- Neuroprotective Effects of Thymol-Loaded Selenium Nanoparticles against 6-OHDA-Induced Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress in anCurrent pharmaceutical design · 2026Article
- Mosquito repellency of carvacrol, thymol, and cinnamaldehyde nanogels against Aedes aegypti: a comparative study with DEET.Discover nano · 2025Article
- Evaluating the anti-neuropathic effects of the thymol-loaded nanofibrous scaffold in a rat model of spinal cord injury.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Encapsulation of Thymol in Ethyl Cellulose-Based Microspheres and Evaluation of Its Sustained Release for Food Applications.Polymers · 2024Article
- Lyophilized Emulsions of Thymol and Eugenol Essential Oils Encapsulated in Cellulose.Polymers · 2024Article
- Thymol-Loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles Improve the Postharvest Microbiological Safety of Blueberries.Food technology and biotechnology · 2023Article
- Encapsulation of Thymol and Eugenol Essential Oils Using Unmodified Cellulose: Preparation and Characterization.Polymers · 2022Article
- Article
- Biofilm Formation Reduction by Eugenol and Thymol on Biodegradable Food Packaging Material.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Thymol and Thyme Essential Oil-New Insights into Selected Therapeutic Applications.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Pharmacological Properties and Molecular Mechanisms of Thymol: Prospects for Its Therapeutic Potential and Pharmaceutical Development.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2017Review
- Preparation of Nanofibrous Structure of Mesoporous Bioactive Glass Microbeads for Biomedical Applications.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Thymol, an important and advantageous component of many essential oils, has been applied as an antimicrobial agent in animals. To increase the duration of action of this compound in ruminants, it was decided here to prepare a controlled release carrier for thymol. Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) and ethyl cellulose (EC) were used as the matrix polymer here. Mixtures of thymol with eight different ratios of these polymers were then prepared using emulsion solvent evaporation method (F1 to F8). The prepared microparticles were evaluated for production yield, entrapment efficiency, drug content, particle size, drug release behavior, release kinetics (zero order, first order and Fickian matrix diffusion for spheres) and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Mean particle size of microparticles was 1.03 ± 0.02 mm. SEM study revealed that the microparticles were slightly irregular, rough and porous. The formulation with HPMC: EC ratio of 5:1 (F6) showed the highest drug loading (38.8%) and entrapment efficiency (61.2%). This formulation also showed optimum in-vitro drug release. The best fit of release kinetics was achieved with Fickian matrix diffusion for spheres (linear amount released vs t(0.43)). The FTIR spectroscopic and DSC studies show possible interaction between drug and polymers. In this study, thymol was successfully loaded in microparticles prepared from HPMC and EC. These microparticles can be used in further trials to evaluate the effect of slow release thymol on rumen fermentation parameters in ruminants.
Indexed as
Identifiers
26664369PMC4673930W1771029097What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.